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The .303 British (designated as the 303 British by the C.I.P. [2] and SAAMI [3]) or 7.7×56mmR, is a .303-inch (7.7 mm) calibre rimmed tapered bottleneck centerfire rifle cartridge. The .303-inch bore diameter is measured between rifling lands as is the common practice in Europe which follows the traditional black powder convention.
The British Army formally adopted the Vickers gun as its standard machine gun under the name Gun, Machine, Mark I, Vickers, .303-inch on 26 November 1912. [20] There were shortages when the First World War began, and the British Expeditionary Force was still equipped with Maxims when sent to France in 1914. [ 21 ]
Cordite was used initially in the .303 British, Mark I and II, standard rifle cartridge between 1891 and 1915. [not verified in body] Shortages of cordite in World War I led to the creation of the "Devil's Porridge" munitions factory (HM Factory, Gretna) on the English–Scottish border, which produced around 800 tonnes of cordite per week. The ...
.276 Enfield (7×60mm) rimless bottlenecked rifle cartridge for which the action was originally designed.303 British (7.7×56mmR) rimmed cartridge for which the P14 action was adapted During the Second Boer War the British were faced with accurate long-range fire from Mauser rifles, model 1893 and 1895, in 7×57mm caliber.
The .303 ammunition designed for the rifle was in fact originally intended to be loaded with a smokeless propellant, but as a result of protracted development, selection of a smokeless propellant was delayed, forcing the British to rely on black powder in the interim.
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The Ross rifle is a straight-pull bolt action rifle chambered in .303 British that was produced in Canada from 1903 until 1918. [1]The Ross Mk.II (or "model 1905") rifle was highly successful in target shooting before World War I, but the close chamber tolerances, lack of primary extraction and length made the Mk.III (or "1910") Ross rifle unsuitable for the conditions of trench warfare ...
The Rifle Factory Ishapore at Ishapore in India produced the Mk III* in .303 British, and then the model 2A, with strength increased by heat treatment of the receiver and bolt to fire 7.62×51mm NATO ammunition, retaining the 2,000-yard rear sight as the metric conversion of distance was very close to the flatter trajectory of the new ...