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An amoeba of the genus Mayorella (Amoebozoa, Discosea) Amoebozoa is a large and diverse group, but certain features are common to many of its members. The amoebozoan cell is typically divided into a granular central mass, called endoplasm, and a clear outer layer, called ectoplasm. During locomotion, the endoplasm flows forwards and the ...
Thus, heterotrophs – all animals, almost all fungi, as well as most bacteria and protozoa – depend on autotrophs, or primary producers, for the raw materials and fuel they need. Heterotrophs obtain energy by breaking down carbohydrates or oxidizing organic molecules (carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) obtained in food.
Cycle between autotrophs and heterotrophs. Autotrophs use light, carbon dioxide (CO 2), and water to form oxygen and complex organic compounds, mainly through the process of photosynthesis (green arrow). Both types of organisms use such compounds via cellular respiration to both generate ATP and again form CO 2 and water (two red arrows).
Some microbes are heterotrophic (more precisely chemoorganoheterotrophic), using organic compounds as both carbon and energy sources. Heterotrophic microbes live off of nutrients that they scavenge from living hosts (as commensals or parasites) or find in dead organic matter of all kind (saprophages). Microbial metabolism is the main ...
[2] [128] According to the source of their nutrients, they can be divided into autotrophs (producers) and heterotrophs (consumers). Autotrophic protists synthesize their own organic compounds from inorganic substrates through the process of photosynthesis , using light as the source of energy; [ 129 ] : 217 accordingly, they are also known as ...
Position in the food web, or trophic level, is used in ecology to broadly classify organisms as autotrophs or heterotrophs. This is a non-binary classification; some organisms (such as carnivorous plants ) occupy the role of mixotrophs , or autotrophs that additionally obtain organic matter from non-atmospheric sources.
Type of protist Movement mechanism Description Example Other examples Motile Flagellates: A flagellum (Latin for whip) is a lash-like appendage that protrudes from the cell body of some protists (as well as some bacteria).
Chaos is a genus of single-celled amoeboid organisms in the family Amoebidae.The largest and most-known species, the so-called "giant amoeba" (Chaos carolinensis), can reach lengths up to 5 mm, although most specimens fall between 1 and 3 mm. [3] [4] [5]