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The effects established so far for recreational use of ecstasy lie in the range of moderate to severe effects for serotonin transporter reduction. [ 91 ] Impairments in multiple aspects of cognition, including attention, learning, memory, visual processing , and sleep, have been found in regular MDMA users.
ATS with multiple substitutions on the phenyl ring has a hallucinogenic effect on top of the psychostimulant effect, and are categorised as the ecstasy-class drugs. [ 4 ] Amphetamine -type stimulants in general are sympathomimetic amine that stimulates the central nervous system , also proven to cause insomnia, arousal, and reduced hunger.
Some drug abuse screening programs rely on hair, saliva, or sweat as specimens. Most commercial amphetamine immunoassay screening tests cross-react significantly with MDA and major metabolites of MDMA, but chromatographic techniques can easily distinguish and separately measure each of these substances.
MDMA (ecstasy) is a popular club drug in the rave and electronic dance music scenes and in nightclubs.It is known under many nicknames, including "e" and "Molly". MDMA is often considered the drug of choice within the rave culture and is also used at clubs, festivals, house parties and free parties. [8]
The adverse side effects of amphetamine are many and varied, and the amount of amphetamine used is the primary factor in determining the likelihood and severity of adverse effects. [ 29 ] [ 41 ] Amphetamine products such as Adderall , Dexedrine, and their generic equivalents are currently approved by the U.S. FDA for long-term therapeutic use.
Common effects may include increased alertness, awareness, wakefulness, endurance, productivity, and motivation, arousal, locomotion, heart rate, and blood pressure, and a diminished desire for food and sleep. Use of stimulants may cause the body to significantly reduce its production of endogenous compounds that fulfill similar functions.
Simulants have potential risks and side effects, such as addiction, tolerance, withdrawal, psychosis, anxiety, insomnia, cardiovascular problems, and neurotoxicity. The misuse and abuse of stimulants can lead to serious health and social consequences, such as overdose, dependence, crime, and violence. Therefore, the use of stimulants is ...
Benzylpiperazine (BZP) is a substance often used as a recreational drug and is known to have euphoriant and stimulant properties. Several studies conducted between 2000 and 2011 found that the effects of BZP are similar to amphetamine, although BZP's dosage is roughly 10 times higher by weight.