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It is the foundation and source of the legal authority underlying the existence of Brazil and the federal government of Brazil. It replaced the autocratic 1967 constitution capping 21 years of military dictatorship and establishing Brazil's 6th republic, also known as the New Republic (Nova República).
This constitution was the shortest-lived Constitution of Brazil, lasting only three years (until 1937). Despite its short life, this constitution was important because it was the first time a Brazilian constitution was written from scratch by directly elected deputies in multi-party elections.
Brazil is a federal presidential constitutional republic, which is based on a representative democracy. The federal government has three independent branches: executive, legislative, and judicial. [1] The Federal Constitution is the supreme law of Brazil. It is the foundation and source of the legal authority underlying the existence of Brazil ...
Palace of Justice in Brasília. Brazilian law is largely derived from Portuguese civil law and is related to the Roman-Germanic legal tradition. This means that the legal system is based on statutes, although a recent constitutional reform (Amendment to the Constitution 45, passed in 2004) has introduced a mechanism similar to the stare decisis, called súmula vinculante.
Brazil is one of the biggest federal governments. The Brazilian Constitution of 1988 introduced a new component to the ideas of federalism, including municipalities as federal entities. Brazilian municipalities are now invested with some of the traditional powers usually granted to states in federalism, and they are allowed to adopt a constitution.
The Constitution of Brazil knows also two elements of direct democracy, stated in Article 14. [1] The legislative assemblies supervise the activities of the Executive power of the states and municipalities. The municipalities are minor federal units of the Federative Republic of Brazil.
The constitution of 1891, establishing the United States of Brazil (Estados Unidos do Brasil), granted extensive autonomy to the provinces, now called States. A federal system was adopted, and all powers not granted in the Constitution to the Federal Government belonged to the States.
Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (2004) Brazil. Constitution of the Empire of Brazil (1824) Constitution of the Republic of the United States of Brazil (1891) Constitution of the Republic of the United States of Brazil (1934) Brazilian Constitution of 1937; Brazilian Constitution of 1946 Brazilian Constitution of 1967 Bulgaria