Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Whether homologous recombination or NHEJ is used to repair double-strand breaks is largely determined by the phase of cell cycle. Homologous recombination repairs DNA before the cell enters mitosis (M phase). It occurs during and shortly after DNA replication, in the S and G 2 phases of the cell cycle, when sister chromatids are more easily ...
Homologous recombination involves the exchange of DNA materials between homologous chromosomes. There are multiple pathways of HR to repair DSBs, which includes double-strand break repair (DSBR), synthesis-dependent strand annealing (SDSA), break-induced replication (BIR), and single-strand annealing (SSA).
Gene conversion is the process by which one DNA sequence replaces a homologous sequence such that the sequences become identical after the conversion. [1] Gene conversion can be either allelic, meaning that one allele of the same gene replaces another allele, or ectopic, meaning that one paralogous DNA sequence converts another.
Most recombination events appear to be the SDSA type. MCM8 forms a complex with MCM9 that is required for DNA resection by the MRN complex (MRE11-RAD50-NBS1) at double strand breaks to generate single-stranded DNA ends. [9] The formation of single-strand ends is an early step in homologous recombination (see Figure). MCM8/MCM9 interacts with ...
While gene targeting relies on the Homology Directed Repair (HDR) (also called Homologous Recombination, HR) DNA repair pathway, targeted-mutagenesis uses Non-Homologous-End-Joining (NHEJ) of broken DNA. NHEJ is an error-prone DNA repair pathway, meaning that when it repairs the broken DNA it can insert or delete DNA bases, creating insertions ...
Non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR) is a form of homologous recombination that occurs between two lengths of DNA that have high sequence similarity, but are not alleles. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It usually occurs between sequences of DNA that have been previously duplicated through evolution, and therefore have low copy repeats (LCRs).
In meiosis, non-sister homologous chromosomes pair with each other so that recombination characteristically occurs between non-sister homologues. In both meiotic and mitotic cells, recombination between homologous chromosomes is a common mechanism used in DNA repair .
Some DNA viruses encode a recombinase that facilitates homologous recombination. A well-studied example is the UvsX recombinase encoded by bacteriophage T4. [10] UvsX is homologous to bacterial RecA. UvsX, like RecA, can facilitate the assimilation of linear single-stranded DNA into an homologous DNA duplex to produce a D-loop.