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A map of France in 1843 under the July Monarchy. By the French Revolution, the Kingdom of France had expanded to nearly the modern territorial limits. The 19th century would complete the process by the annexation of the Duchy of Savoy and the County of Nice (first during the First Empire, and then definitively in 1860) and some small papal (like Avignon) and foreign possessions.
The 1850s (pronounced "eighteen-fifties") was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1, 1850, and ended on December 31, 1859.. It was a very turbulent decade, as wars such as the Crimean War, shifted and shook European politics, as well as the expansion of colonization towards the Far East, which also sparked conflicts like the Second Opium War.
France obtains further territories in the north-west from Spain. 1697: 20 September: Treaty of Ryswick: End of the Nine Years' War between France and the Grand Alliance. Territorial changes were made in Europe and the colonial empires of the countries involved.
July to December. 18 August - Honoré de Balzac, novelist and playwright (born 1799) 26 August - Louis-Philippe of France, last king of France (born 1773) 9 November - François-Xavier-Joseph Droz, writer on ethics, political science and political economy (born 1773) 10 December - François Sulpice Beudant, mineralogist and geologist (born 1787)
The first written records for the history of France appeared in the Iron Age. What is now France made up the bulk of the region known to the Romans as Gaul. Greek writers noted the presence of three main ethno-linguistic groups in the area: the Gauls, Aquitani and Belgae. The Gauls, the largest group, were Celtic people speaking Gaulish.
Over 3,687,324–7,187,324 casualties (other wars excluded) The Age of Revolution is a period from the late-18th to the mid-19th centuries during which a number of significant revolutionary movements occurred in most of Europe and the Americas. [2] The period is noted for the change from absolutist monarchies to representative governments with ...
Politics portal. v. t. e. The revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the springtime of the peoples[2] or the springtime of nations, were a series of revolutions throughout Europe over the course of more than one year, from 1848 to 1849. It remains the most widespread revolutionary wave in European history to date.
The modern history of Alsace–Lorraine was primarily influenced by the rivalry between French and German nationalism. France long sought to attain and then preserve what it considered to be its "natural boundaries" , which is regarded as the Pyrenees to the southwest, the Alps to the southeast, and the Rhine to the northeast.