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  2. Market (economics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_(economics)

    e. In economics, a market is a composition of systems, institutions, procedures, social relations or infrastructures whereby parties engage in exchange. While parties may exchange goods and services by barter, most markets rely on sellers offering their goods or services (including labour power) to buyers in exchange for money.

  3. Production (economics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_(economics)

    Production is the process of combining various inputs, both material (such as metal, wood, glass, or plastics) and immaterial (such as plans, or knowledge) in order to create output. Ideally this output will be a good or service which has value and contributes to the utility of individuals. [1] The area of economics that focuses on production ...

  4. Product analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_analysis

    Technological analysis is sometimes applied in decision-making often related to investments, policy-decisions [4] and public spending. They can be done by a variety of organization-types such as for-profit companies, [5] non-profit think tanks, research institutes, public platforms and government agencies [6] and evaluate established, emerging and potential future technologies on a variety of ...

  5. Value proposition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_proposition

    Value proposition. In marketing, a company’s value proposition is the full mix of benefits or economic value which it promises to deliver to the current and future customers (i.e., a market segment) who will buy their products and/or services. [1][2] It is part of a company's overall marketing strategy which differentiates its brand and fully ...

  6. Law of supply - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_supply

    A supply is a good or service that producers are willing to provide. The law of supply determines the quantity of supply at a given price. [5]The law of supply and demand states that, for a given product, if the quantity demanded exceeds the quantity supplied, then the price increases, which decreases the demand (law of demand) and increases the supply (law of supply)—and vice versa—until ...

  7. Law of demand - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_demand

    In microeconomics, the law of demand is a fundamental principle which states that there is an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded. In other words, "conditional on all else being equal, as the price of a good increases (↑), quantity demanded will decrease (↓); conversely, as the price of a good decreases (↓), quantity ...

  8. Consumer choice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_choice

    The theory of consumer choice is the branch of microeconomics that relates preferences to consumption expenditures and to consumer demand curves.It analyzes how consumers maximize the desirability of their consumption (as measured by their preferences subject to limitations on their expenditures), by maximizing utility subject to a consumer budget constraint. [1]

  9. UVA method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UVA_method

    UVA method. The UVA method (fr. Méthode des Unités de Valeur Ajoutée - the Value-added Unit Method) is an accounting and decision-making tool, based on calculating the cost of sales. Unlike management accounting, which calculates product margins, the UVA method calculates the result (profit or loss) generated by each sale.