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Vertical farming is the practice of growing crops in vertically and horizontally stacked layers. [1] It often incorporates controlled-environment agriculture , which aims to optimize plant growth, and soilless farming techniques such as hydroponics , aquaponics , and aeroponics . [ 1 ]
The AVF acknowledges that vertical farming in its current state can provide access to fresh, safe, and sufficient food, independent of climate and location. In the decades to come, where overpopulation and severe planetary changes challenge our current way of life, vertical farming will become a necessary solution in global food production.
Controlled-environment agriculture (CEA) -- which includes indoor agriculture (IA) and vertical farming—is a technology-based approach toward food production. The aim of CEA is to provide protection from the outdoor elements and maintain optimal growing conditions throughout the development of the crop.
Vertical farming is a proposed agricultural concept in which entire urban high-rise buildings, not just the building envelope, are dedicated to large-scale farming. [21] According to various researchers, to be realized vertical farms would require significant technological breakthroughs with regards to energy consumption and lighting. [22]
In September 2016, the AeroFarms Global Headquarters opened in a 70,000 square-foot facility in Newark, which is the largest indoor vertical farm in the world based on annual growing capacity. [5] The farm was built in a 75-year-old former steel mill facility and has the capacity to produce up to two million pounds of leafy greens per year. [6]
Bowery Farming was a New York-based vertical farming and digital agriculture company with farms in New Jersey, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. [ 2 ] [ 5 ] It grew and delivered pesticide-free lettuce , leafy greens, and herbs.
The concept of vertical farming dates back to the early 20th century, but its recent popularity has surged due to the challenges posed by urbanization and the growing demand for sustainable food production. Vertical farms have gained significant traction globally as they offer solutions to overcome the limitations associated with traditional ...
[34] [35] AeroFarms, leveraging Harwood's patented aeroponic technology, currently operates the largest indoor vertical farm in the world based on its annual growing capacity in Newark, New Jersey. This state-of-the-art farm employs aeroponic technology to produce and distribute up to two million pounds of pesticide-free leafy greens each year.