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Soumak flat-weave rug from Quba Rayon or Daghestan, mid-19th century. Caucasian carpets and rugs are primarily made in villages, rather than in cities. [ 1 ] They are made from materials particular to individual tribal provinces, the rugs of the Caucasus normally display bold geometric designs in primary colors.
Woven rugs include both flat rugs (for example kilims) and pile rugs. [2] The more tightly a rug is woven or knotted, the more detailed a design can be. "It is generally believed that the density of knots, the age, the material, and the rarity of the design or knots determines the value of a carpet. ..." [This quote needs a citation]
A Turkmen rug (Turkmen: Türkmen haly; or Turkmen carpet or Turkoman carpet) is a type of handmade floor-covering textile traditionally originating in Central Asia.It is useful to distinguish between the original Turkmen tribal rugs and the rugs produced in large numbers for export mainly in Pakistan and Iran today.
In Turkmen weavings, such as bags and rugs, guls are often repeated to form the basic pattern in the main field (excluding the border). [4] [5]The different Turkmen tribes such as Tekke, Salor, Ersari and Yomut traditionally wove a variety of guls, some of ancient design, but gul designs were often used by more than one tribe, and by non-Turkmens.
The traditional design of the Saruk rug was modified by the weavers towards an allover design of detached floral motives, the carpets were then chemically washed to remove the unwanted colours, and the pile was painted over again with more desirable colours. [99] In its home countries, the ancient art and craft of carpet weaving has been revived.
[5] [7] Done the traditional way, the process of felting and creating the rug takes time, all is done by hand. Traditionally, shyrdak rugs have been made by women. [ 8 ] The fleece is being dried and then beaten, to make the wool fluffy and divide good wool from unusable matted wool and dirt. [ 6 ]