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In mathematics, an injective function (also known as injection, or one-to-one function [1]) is a function f that maps distinct elements of its domain to distinct elements of its codomain; that is, x 1 ≠ x 2 implies f(x 1) ≠ f(x 2) (equivalently by contraposition, f(x 1) = f(x 2) implies x 1 = x 2).
By collapsing all arguments mapping to a given fixed image, every surjection induces a bijection from a quotient set of its domain to its codomain. More precisely, the preimages under f of the elements of the image of f {\displaystyle f} are the equivalence classes of an equivalence relation on the domain of f {\displaystyle f} , such that x ...
A map is a function, as in the association of any of the four colored shapes in X to its color in Y. In mathematics, a map or mapping is a function in its general sense. [1] These terms may have originated as from the process of making a geographical map: mapping the Earth surface to a sheet of paper. [2] The term map may be used to distinguish ...
An animated cobweb diagram of the logistic map = (), showing chaotic behaviour for most values of >. A cobweb plot , known also as Lémeray Diagram or Verhulst diagram is a visual tool used in the dynamical systems field of mathematics to investigate the qualitative behaviour of one-dimensional iterated functions , such as the logistic map .
This is the original definition for maplist, mapping a function over successive rest lists: maplist[x;f] = [null[x] -> NIL;T -> cons[f[x];maplist[cdr[x];f]]] The function maplist is still available in newer Lisps like Common Lisp, [5] though functions like mapcar or the more generic map would be preferred.
Specifically, if both X and Y are finite with the same number of elements, then f : X → Y is surjective if and only if f is injective. Given two sets X and Y, the notation X ≤ * Y is used to say that either X is empty or that there is a surjection from Y onto X.
The kernel may be expressed as the subspace (x, 0) < V: the value of x is the freedom in a solution – while the cokernel may be expressed via the map W → R, (,) (): given a vector (a, b), the value of a is the obstruction to there being a solution.
Sammon mapping; Scalar field; Second derivative; Self-concordant function; Semi-differentiability; Semilinear map; Set function; List of set identities and relations; Shear mapping; Shekel function; Signomial; Similarity invariance; Soboleva modified hyperbolic tangent; Softmax function; Softplus; Splitting lemma (functions) Squeeze theorem ...