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Spectral lines of bismuth: Other properties; Natural occurrence: primordial: Crystal structure ... Bismuth is a chemical element with the symbol Bi and atomic number 83.
The earliest known artifact containing bismuth bronze is an Inca knife from Peru, found in 1912 and likely to date from the 15th century. Whether the alloy was chosen because of metallurgical properties which facilitated casting or because of its whiter, more lustrous finish is a matter of conjecture.
The +3 oxidation state is bismuth's most common oxidation state because its ability to form the +5 oxidation state is hindered by relativistic properties on heavier elements, effects that are even more pronounced concerning moscovium. Bismuth(III) forms an oxide, an oxychloride, an oxynitrate, and a sulfide. Moscovium(III) is predicted to ...
Unlike the lighter pnictogens nitrogen, phosphorus, and arsenic, but similar to antimony, bismuth does not form a stable hydride. Bismuth hydride, bismuthine (BiH 3), is an endothermic compound that spontaneously decomposes at room temperature. It is stable only below −60 °C. [5] Bismuthides are intermetallic compounds between bismuth and ...
Bismuth(III) oxide is a compound of bismuth, and a common starting point for bismuth chemistry.It is found naturally as the mineral bismite (monoclinic) and sphaerobismoite (tetragonal, much more rare), but it is usually obtained as a by-product of the smelting of copper and lead ores.
Bismuth ferrite melts incongruently, but it can be grown from a bismuth oxide rich flux (e.g. a 4:1:1 mixture of Bi 2 O 3, Fe 2 O 3 and B 2 O 3 at approximately 750-800 Celsius). [2] High quality single crystals have been important for studying the ferroelectric, antiferromagnetic and magnetoelectric properties of bismuth ferrite.
Bismuth oxychloride is an inorganic compound of bismuth with the formula Bi O Cl. It is a lustrous white solid used since antiquity, notably in ancient Egypt . Light wave interference from its plate-like structure gives a pearly iridescent light reflectivity similar to nacre .
Bismuth has no stable isotopes, but does have one very long-lived isotope; thus, the standard atomic weight can be given as 208.980 40 (1). Although bismuth-209 is now known to be radioactive, it has classically been considered to be a stable isotope because it has a half-life of approximately 2.01×10 19 years, which is more than a billion ...