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The Capsian was an Epipalaeolithic tradition in the Algeria and Tunisia from ca. 9000 to 5400 cal BC. [1] It is named after the town of Gafsa, Tunisia (Capsa in Latin).. The Capsian is traditionally divided into the Typical Capsian and the Upper Capsian, which are sometimes found in chronostratigraphic sequence.
Caspian is the English version of the Greek ethnonym Kaspioi, mentioned twice by Herodotus among the Achaemenid satrapies of Darius the Great [3] and applied by Strabo. [4] The name is attested in Old Iranian. [5] The Caspians have generally been regarded as a pre-Indo-European people.
Saharan cave painting from Tassili n'Ajjer [Berber: Plateau of the Chasms].. Dating to the much more recent Mesolithic era, stone blades and tools, as well as small stone human figurines, of the Capsian culture (named after Gafsa in Tunisia) are associated with the prehistoric presence of Berbers in North Africa.
Caspiane or Kaspiane (Greek: Κασπιανή, Armenian: Կասպք Kaspkʿ) was the land populated by the tribe of Caspians, after whom it received its name.Originally a province of the Medes in the 3rd-2nd centuries BC, the land of the Caspians was conquered in the 2nd century BC, then passed to Caucasian Albania under Sassanid Persian suzerainty in the 5th century, and later became an ...
Hyrcania (/ h ər ˈ k eɪ n i ə /; Greek: Ὑρκανία Hyrkanía, [1] Old Persian: 𐎺𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎴 Varkâna, [2] Middle Persian: 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢𐭠𐭭 Gurgān, Akkadian: Urqananu) [2] is a historical region composed of the land south-east of the Caspian Sea in modern-day Iran and Turkmenistan, bound in the south by the Alborz mountain range and the Kopet Dag in the east.
The Gates of Alexander, also known as the Caspian Gates, are one of several mountain passes in eastern Anatolia, the Caucasus, and Persia, often imagined as an actual fortification, or as a symbolic boundary separating the civilized from the uncivilized world. [1]
According to this model, the Kurgan culture gradually expanded to the entire Pontic–Caspian steppe, Kurgan IV being identified with the Yamnaya culture of around 3000 BC. The mobility of the Kurgan culture facilitated its expansion over the entire region and is attributed to the domestication of the horse followed by the use of early chariots ...
The Pontic–Caspian Steppe is the main European end of the Eurasian ... If they tried to hold agrarian land they gradually absorbed the civilization of their ...