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A cost estimator will typically use estimating software to estimate their bid price for a project, which will ultimately become part of a resulting construction contract. Some architects, engineers, construction managers, and others may also use cost estimating software to prepare cost estimates for purposes other than bidding such as budgeting ...
The crops most often used for ensilage are the ordinary grasses, clovers, alfalfa, vetches, oats, rye and maize. [4] Many crops have ensilaging potential, including potatoes and various weeds, notably spurrey such as Spergula arvensis. Silage must be made from plant material with a suitable moisture content: about 50% to 60% depending on the ...
Alfalfa usually has the highest feeding value of all common hay crops. It is used less frequently as pasture. [11] When grown on soils where it is well-adapted, alfalfa is often the highest-yielding forage plant, but its primary benefit is the combination of high yield per hectare and high nutritional quality. [24]
Silage, a fermented animal feed, was introduced in the late 1800s, and can also be stored in a silage or haylage bale, which is a high-moisture bale wrapped in plastic film. These are baled much wetter than hay bales, and are usually smaller than hay bales because the greater moisture content makes them heavier and harder to handle.
Alfalfa (also known as lucerne in Australia) is also grown for export hay, often under irrigation, and is the most common type of export hay in the U.S. References
Forage harvesters can be implements attached to a tractor, [4] or they can be self-propelled units. In either configuration, they comprise a drum (cutterhead) or a flywheel [5] with a number of knives fixed to it that chops and blows the silage out of a chute of the harvester into a wagon that is either connected to the harvester or to another vehicle driving alongside.
Sheep will eat between two and four percent of their body weight per day in dry feed, such as hay, [9] and are very efficient at obtaining the most nutrition possible from three to five pounds per day of hay or other forage. [10] They require three to four hours per day to eat enough hay to meet their nutritional requirements. [11]
Between 1920 and 2000, labour requirements decreased by a factor of 1000, to 3 man-hours per thousand tonnes. [citation needed] In 2013, 70% of global steel output came from the basic oxygen furnace. [14] Furnaces can convert up to 350 tons of iron into steel in less than 40 minutes, compared to 10–12 hours in an open hearth furnace. [15]