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Homer (/ ˈ h oʊ m ər /; Ancient Greek: Ὅμηρος [hómɛːros], Hómēros; born c. 8th century BCE) was an Ancient Greek poet who is credited as the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature. Homer is considered one of the most revered and influential authors in history. [2]
Homer's authorship was infrequently questioned in antiquity, [5] although the poem's composition has been extensively debated in contemporary scholarship, involving debates such as whether the Iliad and the Odyssey were composed independently, and whether they survived via an oral or also written tradition. [6]
Adrianus (poet), wrote an epic poem on the history of Alexander the Great, of which only one line is extant. Aeschylus / ˈ ɛ s k əl ə s / (Greek: Αἰσχύλος, 525–456 BC), earliest of the three surviving Classical Athenian tragedians. Aeschylus of Alexandria, epic poet, 2nd century; Agathon (Greek Ἀγάθων) (c. 448–400 BC)
The Platonic view of Homer is exceptional for the times. Homer and Hesiod were considered to have written myths as allegory. According to J.A. Stewart, "… Homer is an Inspired Teacher, and must not be banished from the curriculum. If we get beneath the literal meaning, we find him teaching the highest truth."
In antiquity, Homer's authorship of the poem was not questioned, but contemporary scholarship predominantly assumes that the Iliad and the Odyssey were composed independently and that the stories formed as part of a long oral tradition. Given widespread illiteracy, the poem was performed by an aoidos or rhapsode and was more likely to be heard ...
In Homer, atē is something inflicted by the gods; it causes delusion, then folly, then disaster. [26] Ate, as the personification of atē, receives its fullest development in Homer's Iliad, his epic poem about the Trojan War. [27] However, to what extent Homer may have considered Ate to be an actual divinity as opposed to a mere allegory is ...
Homer Reciting His Poems is a 1790 history painting by the British artist Thomas Lawrence. It depicts the classical Greek poet Homer reciting his Iliad to a receptive audience. It was a rare venture into the genre for the artist, who went on to became known as the leading portrait painter of the Regency era .
Translators and scholars have translated the main works attributed to Homer, the Iliad and Odyssey, from the Homeric Greek into English, since the 16th and 17th centuries. Translations are ordered chronologically by date of first publication, with first lines provided to illustrate the style of the translation.