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When Richard II reached majority, he created dukedoms for his last two uncles on the same day: Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, and Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester. Originally, dukedoms were created for those who had royal blood, either by descent or marriage (see below, list of surnames).
Richard of Bordeaux 1367–1400 Duke of Cornwall, later King Richard II: Henry Bolingbroke 1367–1413 Duke of Hereford, later King Henry IV: Thomas of Woodstock 1355–1397 Duke of Gloucester: Dukedom of Albany (1st creation) forfeit, 1425: Dukedom of Cornwall (2nd creation) merged in the crown, 1377: Dukedom of Hereford merged in the crown, 1399
In the Peerage of England, the title of duke was created 74 times (using 40 different titles: the rest were recreations).Three times a woman was created a duchess in her own right; Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland, chief mistress of Charles II of England, Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch, wife of Charles II's eldest illegitimate son, the Duke of Monmouth, and Cecilia Underwood ...
Richard II (6 January 1367 – c. 14 February 1400), also known as Richard of Bordeaux, was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399. He was the son of Edward, Prince of Wales (later known as the Black Prince), and Joan, Countess of Kent .
Duke of Ireland is a title that was created in 1386 for Robert de Vere, 9th Earl of Oxford (1362–1392), the favourite of King Richard II of England, who had previously been created Marquess of Dublin. Both were peerages for one life only. At this time, only the Pale of Ireland (the Lordship of Ireland) was under English control.
The current royal dukedoms are, in order of precedence of their holders (that is, not in order of precedence of the dukedoms themselves): Duke of Cornwall , Duke of Rothesay , Duke of Cambridge (United Kingdom) (currently all one person) held by William, Prince of Wales [1] (elder son of King Charles III)
When Richard II made Thomas Mowbray the Duke of Norfolk in 1397, he conferred upon him the estates and titles (including Earl Marshal) that had belonged to the Earls of Norfolk. His elderly grandmother, Margaret, was still alive, and so at the same time she was created Duchess of Norfolk for life.
Richard of Bordeaux 1367–1400 Duke of Cornwall, later King Richard II: Henry Bolingbroke 1367–1413 Duke of Hereford, later King Henry IV: Thomas of Woodstock 1355–1397 Duke of Gloucester: Dukedom of Albany (1st creation) forfeit, 1425: Dukedom of Cornwall (2nd creation) merged in the crown, 1377: Dukedom of Hereford merged in the crown, 1399