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A bushel (abbreviation: bsh. or bu.) is an imperial and US customary unit of volume, based upon an earlier measure of dry capacity. The old bushel was used mostly for agricultural products, such as wheat : in modern usage, the volume is nominal, with bushels denoting a mass defined differently for each commodity.
The bushel was not fully standardized and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange still (May 2013) uses different bushels for different commodities—a bushel of corn being 56 lb, a bushel of oats 38 lb and a bushel of soybeans 60 lb and a bushel of red winter wheat (both hard and soft) also 60 lb. Other commodities at the exchange are reckoned in ...
[c] In the British Empire, the Winchester bushel was replaced with an imperial bushel of eight imperial gallons, with the subdivisions of the bushel being maintained. As with US dry measures, the imperial system divides the bushel into 32 quarts or 64 pints: these imperial measures are 3.21% larger than their US dry counterparts.
The 4-bushel bag was the standard international shipping unit for grain, [1] [2] [3] and the coomb was in common use in farming in Norfolk and Suffolk until well after the end of World War II, in fact for as long as grain was handled in sacks, a practice which ended with the introduction of combine harvesters which had bulk grain tanks.
A weight (also known as a mass) is an object, normally with high density, whose chief task is to have mass and exert weight (through gravity). It is used for different purposes, such as in: It is used for different purposes, such as in:
The dry gallon's implicit value in the US system was originally one-eighth of the Winchester bushel, which was a cylindrical measure of 18.5 inches (469.9 mm) in diameter and 8 inches (203.2 mm) in depth, making it an irrational number of cubic inches; its value to seven significant digits was 268.8025 cubic inches (4.404884 litres), from an ...
Prior to the Norman Conquest, the following units of capacity measure were used: sester, amber, mitta, coomb, and seam.A statute of 1196 (9 Ric. 1.c. 27) decreed: It is established that all measures of the whole of England be of the same amount, as well of corn as of vegetables and of like things, to wit, one good horse load; and that this measure be level as well in cities and boroughs as ...
A London chaldron, on the other hand, was defined as "36 bushels heaped up, each bushel to contain a Winchester bushel and 1 imperial quart (1.14 L; 1.20 US qt), and to be 19 + 1 ⁄ 2 inches (495 mm) in diameter". This approximated a weight in coal of around 28 long hundredweight or 3,140 lb or 1,420 kg.