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There are very few mentions of Shu in the early Chinese historical records until the 4th century BCE. Although there are possible references to a "Shu" in Shang dynasty oracle bones inscriptions that indicate contact between Shu and Shang, it is not clear if the Shu mentioned refer to the kingdom in Sichuan or other different polities elsewhere. [4]
Han (漢; 221–263), known in historiography as Shu Han (蜀漢 [ʂù xân] ⓘ) or Ji Han (季漢 "Junior Han"), [2] or often shortened to Shu (Chinese: 蜀; pinyin: Shǔ; Sichuanese Pinyin: Su 2 < Middle Chinese: *źjowk < Eastern Han Chinese: *dźok [3]), was a dynastic state of China and one of the three major states that competed for supremacy over China in the Three Kingdoms period.
Great Shu (Chinese: 大蜀; pinyin: Dàshǔ), known in historiography as the Former Shu (Chinese: 前蜀; pinyin: Qiánshǔ) or occasionally Wang Shu (王蜀), was a dynastic state of China and one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It existed from 907 to 925 CE.
Accounts of the legendary kings of Shu also may be found in local annals. [7] According to the Chronicles of Huayang that were compiled during the Jin dynasty (266–420), the Shu kingdom was founded by Cancong (蠶 叢). [8] Cancong was described as having protruding eyes, a feature that is found in many of the masks and figures of Sanxingdui.
Yuan Shu (pronunciation ⓘ) (died July or August 199 [2]), [1] courtesy name Gonglu, was a Chinese military general, politician, and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty. He rose to prominence following the collapse of the Han central government in 189. [ 1 ]
The Shang dynasty section contains five chapters, of which the first two – the "Speech of King Tang" and "Pan Geng" – recount the conquest of the Xia by the Shang and their leadership's migration to a new capital (now identified as Anyang). The bulk of the Zhou dynasty section concerns the reign of King Cheng of Zhou (r. c.
e.g., Shu Han (the prefix "Shu" is a reference to the realm's geographical location at Sichuan), Hu Xia (the prefix "Hu", meaning "barbarian", refers to the dynasty's ethnic Xiongnu origin) A dynasty could be referred to by more than one retroactive name in Chinese historiography, albeit some are more widely used than others.
Liu Shan (pronunciation ⓘ, 207–271), [1] [a] courtesy name Gongsi, was the second and last emperor of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. As he ascended the throne at the age of 16, Liu Shan was entrusted to the care of the Chancellor Zhuge Liang and Imperial Secretariat Li Yan.