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There are at least two ways of representing quaternions as matrices in such a way that quaternion addition and multiplication correspond to matrix addition and matrix multiplication. One is to use 2 × 2 complex matrices, and the other is to use 4 × 4 real matrices. In each case, the representation given is one of a family of linearly related ...
In mathematics, a quaternion algebra over a field F is a central simple algebra A over F [1] [2] that has dimension 4 over F.Every quaternion algebra becomes a matrix algebra by extending scalars (equivalently, tensoring with a field extension), i.e. for a suitable field extension K of F, is isomorphic to the 2 × 2 matrix algebra over K.
The quaternion group has the unusual property of being Hamiltonian: Q 8 is non-abelian, but every subgroup is normal. [4] Every Hamiltonian group contains a copy of Q 8. [5] The quaternion group Q 8 and the dihedral group D 4 are the two smallest examples of a nilpotent non-abelian group.
In mathematics, quaternionic analysis is the study of functions with quaternions as the domain and/or range. Such functions can be called functions of a quaternion variable just as functions of a real variable or a complex variable are called.
A direct formula for the conversion from a quaternion to Euler angles in any of the 12 possible sequences exists. [2] For the rest of this section, the formula for the sequence Body 3-2-1 will be shown. If the quaternion is properly normalized, the Euler angles can be obtained from the quaternions via the relations:
A quaternion algebra over a field is a four-dimensional central simple-algebra.A quaternion algebra has a basis ,,, where , and =.. A quaternion algebra is said to be split over if it is isomorphic as an -algebra to the algebra of matrices (); a quaternion algebra over an algebraically closed field is always split.
Hamilton invented the term scalars for the real numbers, because they span the "scale of progression from positive to negative infinity" [3] or because they represent the "comparison of positions upon one common scale". [4] Hamilton regarded ordinary scalar algebra as the science of pure time. [5]
W. R. Hamilton introduced quaternions [10] [11] in 1843, and by 1873 W. K. Clifford obtained a broad generalization of these numbers that he called biquaternions, [12] [13] which is an example of what is now called a Clifford algebra. [3] In 1898 Alexander McAulay used Ω with Ω 2 = 0 to generate the dual quaternion algebra. [14]