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Methane clathrate (CH 4 ·5.75H 2 O) or (4CH 4 ·23H 2 O), also called methane hydrate, hydromethane, methane ice, fire ice, natural gas hydrate, or gas hydrate, is a solid clathrate compound (more specifically, a clathrate hydrate) in which a large amount of methane is trapped within a crystal structure of water, forming a solid similar to ice.
The free gas zone is a zone of freed methane in a hydrate formation, beneath the hydrate stability zone. It can influence the rate of methane output at a ridge or ridge region. A large free gas zone makes more methane available to be released into the open ocean, and, thus, can likely be more influential on climate change than a smaller one. [11]
In organic chemistry, a hydrate is a compound formed by the hydration, i.e. "Addition of water or of the elements of water (i.e. H and OH) to a molecular entity". [5] For example: ethanol , CH 3 −CH 2 −OH , is the product of the hydration reaction of ethene , CH 2 =CH 2 , formed by the addition of H to one C and OH to the other C, and so ...
Gas hydrate stability primarily depends upon temperature and pressure, however other variables such as gas composition and ionic impurities in water influence stability boundaries. [1] The existence and depth of a hydrate deposit is often indicated by the presence of a bottom-simulating reflector (BSR).
Clathrate hydrate, which encaged CO 2 as guest molecule is termed as CO 2 hydrate. The term CO 2 hydrates are more commonly used these days with its relevance in anthropogenic CO 2 capture and sequestration. A nonstoichiometric compound, carbon dioxide hydrate, is composed of hydrogen-bonded water molecules arranged in ice-like frameworks that ...
The experiment used methane (CH 4), ammonia (NH 3), hydrogen (H 2), in ratio 2:1:2, and water (H 2 O). Applying an electric arc (simulating lightning) resulted in the production of amino acids. It is regarded as a groundbreaking experiment, and the classic experiment investigating the origin of life (abiogenesis).
Clathrate cavities. For example, 5 12 (dodecahedral) and 5 12 6 2 (tetrakaidecahedral) make up a Type I (sI) structure. [4] Clathrates can be divided into two categories: clathrate hydrates and inorganic clathrates. Each clathrate is made up of a framework and guests that reside the framework.
Like water and ammonia, liquid hydrogen fluoride supports an acid–base chemistry. Using a solvent system definition of acidity and basicity, nitric acid functions as a base when it is added to liquid HF. [70] However, hydrogen fluoride is cosmically rare, unlike water, ammonia, and methane. [71]