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Methane clathrate (CH 4 ·5.75H 2 O) or (4CH 4 ·23H 2 O), also called methane hydrate, hydromethane, methane ice, fire ice, natural gas hydrate, or gas hydrate, is a solid clathrate compound (more specifically, a clathrate hydrate) in which a large amount of methane is trapped within a crystal structure of water, forming a solid similar to ice.
The free gas zone is a zone of freed methane in a hydrate formation, beneath the hydrate stability zone. It can influence the rate of methane output at a ridge or ridge region. A large free gas zone makes more methane available to be released into the open ocean, and, thus, can likely be more influential on climate change than a smaller one. [11]
The existence and depth of a hydrate deposit is often indicated by the presence of a bottom-simulating reflector (BSR). A BSR is a seismic reflection indicating the lower limit of hydrate stability in sediments due to the different densities of hydrate saturated sediments, normal sediments and those containing free gas. [2]
In organic chemistry, a hydrate is a compound formed by the hydration, i.e. "Addition of water or of the elements of water (i.e. H and OH) to a molecular entity". [5] For example: ethanol , CH 3 −CH 2 −OH , is the product of the hydration reaction of ethene , CH 2 =CH 2 , formed by the addition of H to one C and OH to the other C, and so ...
Clathrate hydrate, which encaged CO 2 as guest molecule is termed as CO 2 hydrate. The term CO 2 hydrates are more commonly used these days with its relevance in anthropogenic CO 2 capture and sequestration. A nonstoichiometric compound, carbon dioxide hydrate, is composed of hydrogen-bonded water molecules arranged in ice-like frameworks that ...
[3] The term refers to many molecular hosts, including calixarenes and cyclodextrins and even some inorganic polymers such as zeolites. Clathrate cavities. For example, 5 12 (dodecahedral) and 5 12 6 2 (tetrakaidecahedral) make up a Type I (sI) structure. [4] Clathrates can be divided into two categories: clathrate hydrates and inorganic ...
The trimer 1,3,5-trioxane, (CH 2 O) 3, is a typical oligomer. Many cyclic oligomers of other sizes have been isolated. Similarly, formaldehyde hydrates to give the geminal diol methanediol, which condenses further to form hydroxy-terminated oligomers HO(CH 2 O) n H. The polymer is called paraformaldehyde. The higher concentration of ...
The experiment used methane (CH 4), ammonia (NH 3), hydrogen (H 2), in ratio 2:1:2, and water (H 2 O). Applying an electric arc (simulating lightning) resulted in the production of amino acids. It is regarded as a groundbreaking experiment, and the classic experiment investigating the origin of life (abiogenesis).