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Sunrise, sunset, or sun position for any location – U.S. only; Sunrise, sunset and day length for any location – Worldwide; Rise/Set/Transit/Twilight Data – U.S. only; Astronomical Information Center; Converting Between Julian Dates and Gregorian Calendar Dates; Approximate Solar Coordinates; Algorithms for Computing Astronomical Phenomena
Sun path, sometimes also called day arc, refers to the daily (sunrise to sunset) and seasonal arc-like path that the Sun appears to follow across the sky as the Earth rotates and orbits the Sun. The Sun's path affects the length of daytime experienced and amount of daylight received along a certain latitude during a given season.
According to Magen Avraham the period between daybreak and nightfall is divided into 12 hours. Usually this time is computed using daybreak as 72 minutes before sunrise (or more accurately, when the sun is 16.1 degrees below the horizon, as it is in Jerusalem 72 minutes before sunrise on the equinox), and nightfall as 72 minutes after sunset.
The solar zenith angle is the zenith angle of the sun, i.e., the angle between the sun’s rays and the vertical direction.It is the complement to the solar altitude or solar elevation, which is the altitude angle or elevation angle between the sun’s rays and a horizontal plane.
Twilight is the time period between dawn and sunrise, and between sunset and dusk. Morning twilight: astronomical, nautical, and civil stages at dawn. The apparent disk of the Sun is shown to scale. [1] Evening twilight: civil, nautical, and astronomical stages at dusk. The solar disk is shown to scale.
The declination of the Sun, δ ☉, is the angle between the rays of the Sun and the plane of the Earth's equator. The Earth's axial tilt (called the obliquity of the ecliptic by astronomers) is the angle between the Earth's axis and a line perpendicular to the Earth's orbit. The Earth's axial tilt changes slowly over thousands of years but its ...
On a prograde planet like the Earth, the sidereal day is shorter than the solar day. At time 1, the Sun and a certain distant star are both overhead. At time 2, the planet has rotated 360° and the distant star is overhead again (1→2 = one sidereal day). But it is not until a little later, at time 3, that the Sun is overhead again (1→3 = one solar day). More simply, 1→2 is a complete ...
Calculate the sunset time, which is the solar noon time plus the sunset hour angle in degree divided by 15; Use the sunset time as input to the solar geometry routine to get the solar azimuth angle at sunset. An interesting feature in the figure on the right is apparent hemispheric symmetry in regions where daily sunrise and sunset actually occur.