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Croup (/ k r uː p / KROOP), also known as croupy cough, is a type of respiratory infection that is usually caused by a virus. [2] The infection leads to swelling inside the trachea, which interferes with normal breathing and produces the classic symptoms of "barking/brassy" cough, inspiratory stridor and a hoarse voice. [2]
Stridor is a physical sign which is caused by a narrowed or obstructed airway. It can be inspiratory , expiratory or biphasic , although it is usually heard during inspiration. Inspiratory stridor often occurs in children with croup .
It is the most serious in young children, possibly because of the relatively small size of the trachea that gets easily blocked by swelling. The most frequent sign is the rapid development of stridor. It is occasionally confused with croup. If it is inflamed, a condition known as tracheitis can occur.
Respiratory sounds, also known as lung sounds or breath sounds, are the specific sounds generated by the movement of air through the respiratory system. [1] These may be easily audible or identified through auscultation of the respiratory system through the lung fields with a stethoscope as well as from the spectral characteristics of lung sounds. [2]
The swollen throat is often accompanied by a serious respiratory condition, characterized by a brassy or "barking" cough, stridor, hoarseness, and difficulty breathing; and historically referred to variously as "diphtheritic croup," [13] "true croup," [14] [15] or sometimes simply as "croup."
Stridor a high-pitched musical breath sound resulting from turbulent air flow in the larynx or lower in the bronchial tree. [23] It is not to be confused with stertor. Causes are typically obstructive, including foreign bodies, croup, epiglottitis, tumours, infection and anaphylaxis.
Acute epiglottitis: This is more likely in those with stridor, drooling, and painful or trouble swallowing. [1] Spasmodic dysphonia [22] Reflux laryngitis [22] Chronic allergic laryngitis [22] Neoplasm [22] Croup: This presents with a barking cough, hoarseness of voice, and inspiratory stridor. [21]
Stridor is a high-pitched sound which occurs during breathing and is associated with obstruction at the level of the larynx. Difficulty swallowing and changes in voice are common symptoms. [ 3 ] If there is total obstruction, severe respiratory distress or cyanosis due to hypoxia (lack of oxygen in the blood) can occur.