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  2. Beam diameter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam_diameter

    Before the advent of the CCD beam profiler, the beam width was estimated using the knife-edge technique: slice a laser beam with a razor and measure the power of the clipped beam as a function of the razor position. The measured curve is the integral of the marginal distribution, and starts at the total beam power and decreases monotonically to ...

  3. Gaussian beam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_beam

    The shape of a Gaussian beam of a given wavelength λ is governed solely by one parameter, the beam waist w 0. This is a measure of the beam size at the point of its focus (z = 0 in the above equations) where the beam width w(z) (as defined above) is the smallest (and likewise where the intensity on-axis (r = 0) is the largest). From this ...

  4. Ship measurements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ship_measurements

    Beam – A measure of the width of the ship. There are two types: Beam, Overall (BOA), commonly referred to simply as Beam – The overall width of the ship measured at the widest point of the nominal waterline. Beam on Centerline (BOC) – Used for multihull vessels. The BOC for vessels is measured as follows: For a catamaran: the ...

  5. Beam (nautical) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam_(nautical)

    The beam of a ship is its width at its widest point. The maximum beam (B MAX ) is the distance between planes passing through the outer sides of the ship, beam of the hull (B H ) only includes permanently fixed parts of the hull , and beam at waterline (B WL ) is the maximum width where the hull intersects the surface of the water.

  6. Beam divergence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam_divergence

    Neglecting divergence due to poor beam quality, the divergence of a laser beam is proportional to its wavelength and inversely proportional to the diameter of the beam at its narrowest point. For example, an ultraviolet laser that emits at a wavelength of 308 nm will have a lower divergence than an infrared laser at 808 nm, if both have the ...

  7. Numerical aperture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_aperture

    The NA of a Gaussian laser beam is then related to its minimum spot size ("beam waist") by NA ≃ λ 0 π w 0 , {\displaystyle {\text{NA}}\simeq {\frac {\lambda _{0}}{\pi w_{0}}},} where λ 0 is the vacuum wavelength of the light, and 2 w 0 is the diameter of the beam at its narrowest spot, measured between the e −2 irradiance points ("Full ...

  8. Rayleigh length - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayleigh_length

    Gaussian beam width () as a function of the axial distance .: beam waist; : confocal parameter; : Rayleigh length; : total angular spread In optics and especially laser science, the Rayleigh length or Rayleigh range, , is the distance along the propagation direction of a beam from the waist to the place where the area of the cross section is doubled. [1]

  9. M squared - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M_squared

    The diameter of the multimode beam is then M times that of the embedded Gaussian beam everywhere, and the divergence is M times greater, but the wavefront curvature is the same. The multimode beam has M 2 times the beam area but 1/M 2 less beam intensity than the embedded beam. This holds true for any given optical system, and thus the minimum ...