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Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the five major groups of lipoprotein that transport all fat molecules around the body in extracellular water. [1] These groups, from least dense to most dense, are chylomicrons (aka ULDL by the overall density naming convention), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL ...
Lipoprotein. Structure of a chylomicron (the largest lipoprotein). ApoA, ApoB, ApoC, ApoE are apolipoproteins; green particles are phospholipids; T is triglyceride; C is cholesterol ester. A lipoprotein is a biochemical assembly whose primary function is to transport hydrophobic lipid (also known as fat) molecules in water, as in blood plasma ...
Very-low-density lipoprotein size is variable, with diameters ranging from approximately 35 to 70 nm. [4] Some researchers further classify VLDL particles into VLDL1 and VLDL2 based on size (as measured by Svedberg flotation units), where VLDL1 particles are larger and contain more triglycerides, while other researchers create a tripartite system by subdividing VLDL1 into larger VLDL1 and ...
VLDLR is a member of the low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) receptor family, which is entirely composed of type I transmembrane lipoprotein receptors. The structural differences of the LDL receptor family. This image represents the similarities in structural domains among the members, as well as the extra cysteine repeat present on the VLDL receptor ...
Chylomicron. Chylomicrons (from the Greek χυλός, chylos, meaning juice (of plants or animals), and micron, meaning small), [1] also known as ultra low-density lipoproteins (ULDL), are lipoprotein particles that consist of triglycerides (85–92%), phospholipids (6–12%), cholesterol (1–3%), and proteins (1–2%). They transport dietary ...
Apolipoprotein B is the primary apolipoprotein of chylomicrons, VLDL, Lp (a), IDL, and LDL particles (LDL—commonly known as "bad cholesterol " when in reference to both heart disease and vascular disease in general), which is responsible for carrying fat molecules (lipids), including cholesterol, around the body to all cells within all tissues.
LDL receptor. The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) is a mosaic protein of 839 amino acids (after removal of 21-amino acid signal peptide) [5] that mediates the endocytosis of cholesterol-rich low-density lipoprotein (LDL). It is a cell-surface receptor that recognizes apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB100), which is embedded in the outer ...
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