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  2. Number needed to treat - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number_needed_to_treat

    The trial ran for 3.3 years, and during this period the relative risk of a "primary event" (heart attack) was reduced by 36% (relative risk reduction, RRR). The absolute risk reduction (ARR), however, was much smaller, because the study group did not have a very high rate of cardiovascular events over the study period: 2.67% in the control ...

  3. Risk difference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_difference

    The risk difference (RD), excess risk, or attributable risk[1] is the difference between the risk of an outcome in the exposed group and the unexposed group. It is computed as , where is the incidence in the exposed group, and is the incidence in the unexposed group. If the risk of an outcome is increased by the exposure, the term absolute risk ...

  4. Relative risk reduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_risk_reduction

    In epidemiology, the relative risk reduction (RRR) or efficacy is the relative decrease in the risk of an adverse event in the exposed group compared to an unexposed group. It is computed as , where is the incidence in the exposed group, and is the incidence in the unexposed group. If the risk of an adverse event is increased by the exposure ...

  5. Number needed to harm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number_needed_to_harm

    In medicine, the number needed to harm (NNH) is an epidemiological measure that indicates how many persons on average need to be exposed to a risk factor over a specific period to cause harm in an average of one person who would not otherwise have been harmed. It boo is defined as the inverse of the nko absolute risk increase, and computed as ...

  6. Experimental event rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_event_rate

    This value is very useful in determining the therapeutic benefit or risk to patients in experimental groups, in comparison to patients in placebo or traditionally treated control groups. [citation needed] Three statistical terms rely on EER for their calculation: absolute risk reduction, relative risk reduction and number needed to treat.

  7. Relative risk - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_risk

    The relative risk (RR) or risk ratio is the ratio of the probability of an outcome in an exposed group to the probability of an outcome in an unexposed group. Together with risk difference and odds ratio , relative risk measures the association between the exposure and the outcome.

  8. Population impact measure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_impact_measure

    Frequently used measures of risk and benefit identified by Jerkel, Katz and Elmore, [4] describe measures of risk difference (attributable risk), rate difference (often expressed as the odds ratio or relative risk), population attributable risk (PAR), and the relative risk reduction, which can be recalculated into a measure of absolute benefit ...

  9. United States Medical Licensing Examination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Medical...

    Website. www.usmle.org. The United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) is a three-step examination program for medical licensure in the United States sponsored by the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) and the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME). [9] Physicians with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree are required to pass ...