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It can occur anywhere on the body but is most common on the face. Sun exposure, hormonal changes, skin inflammation or trauma, as well as certain medications, can cause the skin to produce too ...
Hyperpigmentation can be diffuse or focal, affecting such areas as the face and the back of the hands. Melanin is produced by melanocytes at the lower layer of the epidermis. Melanin is a class of pigment responsible for producing color in the body in places such as the eyes, skin, and hair. The process of melanin synthesis (melanogenesis ...
Melanin (/ ˈmɛlənɪn / ⓘ; from Ancient Greek μέλας (mélas) 'black, dark') is a family of biomolecules organized as oligomers or polymers, which among other functions provide the pigments of many organisms. [1] Melanin pigments are produced in a specialized group of cells known as melanocytes.
Melanocytes are melanin -producing neural crest -derived [3] cells located in the bottom layer (the stratum basale) of the skin's epidermis, the middle layer of the eye (the uvea), [4] the inner ear, [5] vaginal epithelium, [6] meninges, [7] bones, [8] and heart found in many mammals and birds. [9] Melanin is a dark pigment primarily ...
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun can increase tyrosinase activity and stimulate the production of melanocytes—pigmented melanin-producing cells—leading to hyperpigmentation.
To protect itself against UV radiation from the sun, the body makes more melanin. As a result, the skin may become more pigmented to protect it from the sun's rays. [4] The pigmentation of the skin may also be lightened by certain drugs. Antibiotics are one type of medications that can increase the synthesis of melanin, which darkens
"This increase in melanin activity can result in discoloration, dark spots, or hyperpigmentation." While UV is a big culprit, genetics, hormone fluctuations (like during pregnancy), acne ...
Secondly, there is an increase in production of melanin known as melanogenesis. [119] Melanogenesis leads to delayed tanning and first becomes visible about 72 hours after exposure. The tan that is created by an increased melanogenesis lasts much longer than the one that is caused by oxidation of existing melanin.