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Ionization, in chemistry and physics, any process by which electrically neutral atoms or molecules are converted to electrically charged atoms or molecules (ions) through gaining or losing electrons. Ionization is one of the principal ways that radiation transfers its energy to matter.
For single-replacement and double-replacement reactions, many of the reactions included ionic compounds—compounds between metals and nonmetals, or compounds that contained recognizable polyatomic ions. Now, we take a closer look at reactions that include ionic compounds.
Ionization (or ionisation specifically in Britain, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand) is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. The resulting electrically charged atom or molecule is called an ion.
Ion-exchange reaction, any of a class of chemical reactions between two substances (each consisting of positively and negatively charged species called ions) that involves an exchange of one or more ionic components. Ions are atoms, or groups of atoms, that bear a positive or negative electric.
Strictly defined, ionization is the complete loss of an electronfrom an atomic or molecular species. The resulting species is called an ion. In chemical equations, the charge on ions is shown as a superscript, such as in this simple ionization reaction: M → M++ e-.
The chemical equation describing the acid dissociation reaction of HF is given in Equation 8.2 a. The products of the reaction, fluoride anion and the hydronium ion, are oppositely charged ions, and it is reasonable to assume that they will be attracted to each other.
Ionization is the process by which ions are formed by gain or loss of an electron from an atom or molecule. [2] If an atom or molecule gains an electron, it becomes negatively charged (an anion), and if it loses an electron, it becomes positively charged (a cation).
Chemists define the ionization energy (I) of an element as the amount of energy needed to remove an electron from the gaseous atom E in its ground state. I is therefore the energy required for the reaction. E (g) → E + (g) + e − energy required=I.
Ionization happens during the process of a chemical reaction. To ionize an atom or a molecule, either loses or gains electrons―the electron which is either gained or lost forms an ion. The atom or molecule that gains an electron becomes negatively charged and is called the anion.
Learn how to write and balance chemical equations in different forms, such as molecular, complete ionic, and net ionic equations, with Khan Academy's free online lessons.