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Hepatitis B is an infectious disease ... Symptoms outside of the liver are present in 1–10% of HBV ... especially for pregnant women with high hepatitis B virus ...
Hepatitis A and E are mainly spread by contaminated food and water. [3] Hepatitis B is mainly sexually transmitted, but may also be passed from mother to baby during pregnancy or childbirth and spread through infected blood. [3] Hepatitis C is commonly spread through infected blood such as may occur during needle sharing by intravenous drug ...
It produces symptoms similar to hepatitis A, although it can take a fulminant course in some patients, particularly pregnant women (mortality rate about 20%); chronic infections may occur in immune-compromised patients.
While many people do not have symptoms during this time, if you do have symptoms of acute hepatitis C (including dark urine, white-colored stools, yellowing skin known as jaundice, and nausea ...
The first recorded cases of hepatitis B virus infection occurred in 1883 after the smallpox vaccine containing human lymph was administered to a group of people. [68] The smallpox vaccine was administered to shipyard workers in Germany and the workers later developed symptoms of hepatitis. [68]
Hepatomegaly is enlargement of the liver. [4] It is a non-specific medical sign, having many causes, which can broadly be broken down into infection, hepatic tumours, and metabolic disorder.
Hepatitis A virus causes self-limited acute hepatitis. [6] Hepatitis B and C have similar symptoms as hepatitis A but onsets later when the stage reaches chronic liver cirrhosis. [6] [14] Hepatitis D virus, as a satellite virus, can only infect hepatitis B patients thus their complications are similar, only more aggressive. [15]
Autoimmune hepatitis can develop in people of any race or age but occurs most frequently in women. [41] [42] [43] Eighty percent of cases are the type 1 subtype with women being affected 4 times more often than men; for the type 2 subtype, women are affected 10 times more often than men. [44] [45]