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Colours of India — silk yarn waiting to be made into sarees, Kanchipuram. In India, about 97% of the raw mulberry silk is produced in the Indian states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. [1] Mysore and North Bangalore, the upcoming site of a US$20 million "Silk City", contribute to a majority of silk production. [2]
India is the second largest silk producer (18% of the world's silk production) of world after China (70% of the global silk production and 90% of the world's silk exports). There are mainly four types of silk varieties produced by different species of silkworms namely Mulberry, Eri, Muga, Tropical Tasar and Temperate Tasar.
Silk is believed to have first been produced in China as early as the Neolithic period. Sericulture has become an important cottage industry in countries such as Brazil, China, France, India, Italy, Japan, Korea, Russia, and Thailand. Today, China and India are the two main producers, with more than 60% of the world's annual production.
As of 2021, 40% of leather goods exported from India worht ₹ 9,252 crore (US$1.1 billion) are being manufactured in the state. [9] Kanchipuram silk sari is a type of silk sari made in the Kanchipuram region the state which has been recognized as a Geographical indication by the Government of India in 2005–2006.
After India gained independence, the Mysore State Sericulture Dept. took control of the silk weaving factory. [6] In 1980, the factory was handed over to KSIC, a government of Karnataka industry. [7] Today, products include silk sarees, shirts, kurta's, silk dhoti, and neckties. Mysore silk has also received geographical identification. [8]
This silk is very fine, light weight and easy to drape. [1] Two famous saris produced from Murshidabad silk are Baluchari and Gorood. Historically, Bengal was the main silk-weaving center of India. Production of Murshidabad silk began in the 13th century, and foreign traders were attracted to this silk as early as the 17th century.
Having a long tradition of silk weaving at least since the 17th century, Sualkuchi is the centre of the silk hand-loom industry of Assam. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] Originally, Sualkuchi was a "craft village" having several cottage industries until the 1940s, such as hand-loom weaving, traditional oil processing, goldsmithing, and pottery.
Silk Road sites in India are sites that were important for trade on the ancient Silk Road. There are 12 such places in India. These are spread across seven states in India: Bihar, Jammu and Kashmir, Maharashtra, Puducherry, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh. These sites are on tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.