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  2. Briggs Plan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Briggs_Plan

    The Briggs Plan (Malay: Rancangan Briggs) was a military plan devised by British General Sir Harold Briggs shortly after his appointment in 1950 as Director of Operations during the Malayan Emergency (1948–1960).

  3. Early Malay nationalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_Malay_nationalism

    Although Malaya was effectively governed by the British, the Malays held de jure sovereignty over Malaya. A former British High Commissioner, Hugh Clifford, urged "everyone in this country [to] be mindful of the fact that this is a Malay country, and we British came here at the invitation of Their Highnesses the Malay Rulers, and it is our duty to help the Malays to rule their own country."

  4. Independence Day (Malaysia) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(Malaysia)

    Malaysia Day commemorates the formation of Malaysia in 1963, [4] when the four entities of North Borneo, Sarawak, Singapore and Malaya federated to form Malaysia. [5] Some, especially people from East Malaysia , argue that it is illogical to celebrate 31 August 1957 as Malaysia's national day when Malaysia was only established in 1963.

  5. Penang secessionist movement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang_secessionist_movement

    Map of present-day Penang, a 1,049 km 2 (405 sq mi) state in Malaysia that contained a population of 572,100 as of 1957. [1] The Penang secessionist movement was a separatist movement whose objective was to achieve the independence of Penang from the Federation of Malaya (now Malaysia). Between 1948 and 1957, the movement was driven by ...

  6. Rukun Negara - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rukun_Negara

    The National Principles (Malay: Rukun Negara; Jawi: ‏روکون نݢارا ‎) is the Malaysian declaration of national philosophy instituted by royal proclamation on Merdeka Day, 1970, in reaction to the 13 May race riots, which occurred in 1969. [1] The riots proved at that time that Malaysian racial balance and stability was fragile.

  7. 1957 in Malaya - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1957_in_Malaya

    31 August – Malaya achieved its independence from Britain, and joined the Commonwealth of Nations. 12:00 am – In Selangor Club Padang, The Union Jack flag was lowered and replaced by the independent Federation of Malayan flag. 7:30 am – The proclamation of independence was held in Stadium Merdeka, Kuala Lumpur

  8. Malaysian Independence Day parade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Independence_Day...

    The Independence Day Parade (Malay: Perarakan Hari Merdeka) is held every 31 August in commemoration of Malaya's independence. Since independence, the event has been usually held at the Independence Square in Kuala Lumpur , the original site of the first independence parade held on 1 September 1957.

  9. New village - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_village

    During the Malayan Emergency, 450 new settlements were created and it is estimated that 470,509 people, 400,000 of them Chinese, were involved in the resettlement program. The Malaysian Chinese Association , then the Malayan Chinese Association, was initially created to address the social and welfare concerns of the populations in the new villages.