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Polyorthoesters are used as hydrophobic implant materials for drug depots for continuous drug delivery by surface erosion. [2] The active ingredient (which is homogeneously dispersed in a matrix of polyorthoester) should be released as evenly as possible into the human or animal organism over an extended period of time in a zero-order release kinetics.
In materials science, a disappearing polymorph is a form of a crystal structure that is suddenly unable to be produced, instead transforming into a different crystal structure with the same chemical composition (a polymorph) during nucleation.
Polyamorphism is also an important area in pharmaceutical science. The amorphous form of a drug typically has much better aqueous solubility (compared to the analogous crystalline form) but the actual local structure in an amorphous pharmaceutical can be different, depending on the method used to form the amorphous phase.
Phase transitions (phase changes) that help describe polymorphism include polymorphic transitions as well as melting and vaporization transitions. According to IUPAC, a polymorphic transition is "A reversible transition of a solid crystalline phase at a certain temperature and pressure (the inversion point) to another phase of the same chemical composition with a different crystal structure."
Polypharmacology is the design or use of pharmaceutical agents that act on multiple targets or disease pathways. [1] Despite scientific advancements and an increase of global R&D spending, drugs are frequently withdrawn from markets. This is primarily due to their side effects or toxicities.
PVP is a frequently used binder in pharmaceutical tablet formulations. [5] Pharmacokinetic studies in humans and various laboratory animal models indicate no to very little systemic absorption of PVP following oral administration. [6] PVP added to iodine forms a complex called povidone-iodine that possesses disinfectant properties. [7]