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Independence is a fundamental notion in probability theory, as in statistics and the theory of stochastic processes.Two events are independent, statistically independent, or stochastically independent [1] if, informally speaking, the occurrence of one does not affect the probability of occurrence of the other or, equivalently, does not affect the odds.
This size is called the independence number of and is usually denoted by (). [2] The optimization problem of finding such a set is called the maximum independent set problem. It is a strongly NP-hard problem. [ 3 ]
In probability theory, conditional independence describes situations wherein an observation is irrelevant or redundant when evaluating the certainty of a hypothesis. . Conditional independence is usually formulated in terms of conditional probability, as a special case where the probability of the hypothesis given the uninformative observation is equal to the probability
Independence is a condition of a nation, country, or state, in which residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory. The opposite of independence is the status of a dependent territory or colony.
In Congress, July 4, 1776. The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America. When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political ...
A chart showing a uniform distribution. In probability theory and statistics, a collection of random variables is independent and identically distributed (i.i.d., iid, or IID) if each random variable has the same probability distribution as the others and all are mutually independent. [1]
McCormack favors such assessments: “Our clients find that the board evaluations are critical to enhance their overall performance and effectiveness, and independence is part of that, especially ...
Now they find themselves — and their political future ... While the independence debate has dominated Greenlandic politics as times, Trump's desire to acquire the Arctic land is a subject many ...