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A challenge to installing a computer in a car is the power supply. Energy is supplied as a nominal 12 VDC in cars or 24 VDC in some trucks. The voltage varies according to whether the engine is on or off since the battery generally delivers 12V, while the generator supplies more. There can be peaks, and at ignition time the supply current drops.
Original logo of Windows Automotive. Windows Embedded Automotive (formerly Microsoft Auto, Windows CE for Automotive, Windows Automotive, and Windows Mobile for Automotive) is a discontinued operating system that was part of the Windows Embedded family and based on Windows CE for use on computer systems in automobiles.
An electronic control unit (ECU), also known as an electronic control module (ECM), is an embedded system in automotive electronics that controls one or more of the electrical systems or subsystems in a car or other motor vehicle.
Tesla Autopilot, an advanced driver-assistance system for Tesla vehicles, uses a suite of sensors and an onboard computer. It has undergone several hardware changes and versions since 2014, most notably moving to an all-camera-based system by 2023, in contrast with ADAS from other companies, which include radar and sometimes lidar sensors.
On some cars, such as many Chryslers, there are multiple computers: the PCM, the TCU, and the Body Control Module (BCM), for a total of three separate computers. These automotive computers are generally very reliable. The PCM commonly controls more than 100 factors in a car or truck.
The earliest electronic systems available as factory installations were vacuum tube car radios, starting in the early 1930s.The development of semiconductors after World War II greatly expanded the use of electronics in automobiles, with solid-state diodes making the automotive alternator the standard after about 1960, and the first transistorized ignition systems appearing in 1963.
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January 1998 – In-car PC “Clarion AutoPC” jointly developed with Microsoft Corporation. December 1998 – Launch of the world's first in-vehicle computer "AutoPC" in the United States. [5] December 1999 – OEM supply of "AutoPC" to French automaker Citroën begins. November 2001 – “AutoPC CADIAS” exhibits at Tokyo Motor Show.