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In human anatomy, the neurocranium, also known as the braincase, brainpan, or brain-pan, [1] [2] is the upper and back part of the skull, which forms a protective case around the brain. [3] In the human skull, the neurocranium includes the calvaria or skullcap. The remainder of the skull is the facial skeleton.
The neurocranium (or braincase) forms the protective cranial cavity that surrounds and houses the brain and brainstem. [7] The upper areas of the cranial bones form the calvaria (skullcap). The facial skeleton (membranous viscerocranium) is formed by the bones supporting the face, and includes the mandible .
It is the superior part of the neurocranium and covers the cranial cavity containing the brain. It forms the main component of the skull roof. The calvaria is made up of the superior portions of the frontal bone, occipital bone, and parietal bones. [1]
The cranial cavity, also known as intracranial space, is the space within the skull that accommodates the brain.The skull is also known as the cranium. [1] The cranial cavity is formed by eight cranial bones known as the neurocranium that in humans includes the skull cap and forms the protective case around the brain.
In humans and other mammals, the endocranium forms during fetal development as a cartilaginous neurocranium, that ossifies from several centers. [3] Several of these bones merge, and in the adult primates (including humans), the endocranium is composed of only five bony elements (from front to back): [4] The ethmoid bone, lying behind the nose.
The main function of the crown is to protect the brain from specific physical injuries. The neurocranium has the frontal and parietal bones that make up the crown and protect parts of the brain including the frontal lobe as well as the parietal lobe. [10]
The chondrocranium (or cartilaginous neurocranium) is the primitive cartilaginous skeletal structure of the fetal skull that grows to envelop the rapidly growing embryonic brain. [1] The chondrocranium in different species can vary greatly, but in general it is made up of four components, the sphenoids, occipitals, otic capsules, and nasal ...
The sphenoid bone [note 1] is an unpaired bone of the neurocranium. It is situated in the middle of the skull towards the front, in front of the basilar part of the occipital bone. The sphenoid bone is one of the seven bones that articulate to form the orbit. Its shape somewhat resembles that of a butterfly, bat or wasp with its wings extended.