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3D sound localization refers to an acoustic technology that is used to locate the source of a sound in a three-dimensional space. The source location is usually determined by the direction of the incoming sound waves (horizontal and vertical angles) and the distance between the source and sensors.
These effects include localization of sound sources behind, above and below the listener. Some 3D technologies also convert binaural recordings to stereo recordings. 3D Positional Audio effects emerged in the 1990s in PC and video game consoles. 3D audio techniques have also been incorporated in music and video-game style music video arts.
3D sound reconstruction is the application of reconstruction techniques to 3D sound localization technology. These methods of reconstructing three- dimensional sound are used to recreate sounds to match natural environments and provide spatial cues of the sound source.
[24] [25] The localization of a virtual source, based on level differences between two loudspeakers to the side of a listener, shows great inconsistency across the standardized 5.1 setup, also being largely affected by movement away from the reference position. 5.1 surround is therefore limited in its ability to convey 3D sound, making the ...
While the relationship between human perception of sound and various attributes of the sound field is not yet well understood, [2] DSP algorithms for sound localization are able to employ several mechanisms found in neural systems, including the interaural time difference (ITD, the difference in arrival time of a sound between two locations), the interaural intensity difference (IID, the ...
EAX is a library of extensions to Microsoft's DirectSound3D, itself an extension to DirectSound introduced with DirectX 3 in 1996 with the intention to standardize 3D audio for Microsoft Windows, adding environmental audio presets to DS3D's audio positioning.
An application of 3D sound synthesis is the sense of presence in a virtual environment, by producing more realistic environments and sensations in games, teleconferencing systems, and tele-ensemble systems. 3D sound can also be used to help those with sensory impairments, such as the visually impaired, and act as a substitute for other sensory feedback.
HRTF filtering effect. A head-related transfer function (HRTF) is a response that characterizes how an ear receives a sound from a point in space. As sound strikes the listener, the size and shape of the head, ears, ear canal, density of the head, size and shape of nasal and oral cavities, all transform the sound and affect how it is perceived, boosting some frequencies and attenuating others.