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  2. Causative - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causative

    In English, adjectives (or stative verbs in other languages) can express the acquisition of a quality or changes of state with causatives, in the same way as with regular verbs. For example, if there is a stative verb to be large , the causative will mean to enlarge , to make grow .

  3. Labile verb - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labile_verb

    In general linguistics, a labile verb (or ergative verb) is a verb that undergoes causative alternation; that is, it can be used both transitively and intransitively, with the requirement that the direct object of its transitive use corresponds to the subject of its intransitive use, [1] as in "I ring the bell" and "The bell rings."

  4. List of English copulae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_copulae

    This is a non-exhaustive list of copulae in the English language, i.e. words used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate (a subject complement). Because many of these copulative verbs may be used non-copulatively, examples are provided. Also, there can be other copulative verbs depending on the context and the meaning of the ...

  5. Instrumental case - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumental_case

    It has a role in the -(t)at-causative form of verbs, that is, the form of a verb that shows the subject caused someone else to action the verb. In this sense, the instrumental case is used to mark the person that was caused to execute the action expressed by the verb.

  6. Resultative - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resultative

    'The Schmied smith hämmert hammers das the Metall metal flach. flat.' Der Schmied hämmert das Metall flach. 'The smith hammers the metal flat.' Verbal resultatives This sort of resultative is a grammatical aspect construction that indicates the result state of the event denoted by the verb. English does not have a productive resultative construction. It is widely accepted that the be ...

  7. Inchoative verb - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inchoative_verb

    The suffix survives in English as -en, and is still somewhat productive although there are other suffixes such as -ify which compete with it. However, verbs with this suffix are now primarily ergatives, and also have a causative sense ("to cause to become") when used transitively. Some examples:

  8. Lexical semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexical_semantics

    English tends to favour labile alternations, [29] meaning that the same verb is used in the inchoative and causative forms. [28] This can be seen in the following example: broke is an intransitive inchoative verb in (3a) and a transitive causative verb in (3b).

  9. Autocausative verb - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autocausative_verb

    [3] Some Spanish examples include "verbs of displacement," such as mudarse ' to move (in the sense of changing domicile) ', moverse ' to displace ', and desplazarse ' to displace ', and "internal bodily motion," such as agitarse ' to shake ', removerse ' to fidget ', revolverse ' toss and turn '.