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The human brain contains 86 billion neurons, with 16 billion neurons in the cerebral cortex. [ 2 ] [ 1 ] Neuron counts constitute an important source of insight on the topic of neuroscience and intelligence : the question of how the evolution of a set of components and parameters (~10 11 neurons, ~10 14 synapses) of a complex system leads to ...
The size of the brain is a frequent topic of study within the fields of anatomy, biological anthropology, animal science and evolution. Measuring brain size and cranial capacity is relevant both to humans and other animals, and can be done by weight or volume via MRI scans, by skull volume , or by neuroimaging intelligence testing .
Typically, Old World monkeys (paleotropical) are larger than New World monkeys (neotropical); the reasons for this are not entirely understood but several hypotheses have been generated. [3] As a rule, primate brains are "significantly larger" than those of other mammals with similar body sizes. [4]
The largest dinosaurs, and the largest animals to ever live on land, were the plant-eating, long-necked Sauropoda. The tallest and heaviest sauropod known from a complete skeleton is a specimen of an immature Giraffatitan discovered in Tanzania between 1907 and 1912, now mounted in the Museum für Naturkunde of Berlin.
The sperm whale brain is the largest known of any modern or extinct animal, weighing on average about 7.8 kilograms (17 lb) [61] [62] (with the smallest known weighing 6.4 kilograms (14 lb) and the largest known weighing 9.2 kilograms (20 lb)), [44] [45] more than five times heavier than a human brain, and has a volume of about 8,000 cm 3. [63]
Sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) have the largest known brain mass of any extant animal, averaging 7.8 kg in mature males. [4] Orcas (Orcinus orca) have the second largest known brain mass of any extant animal. (5.4-6.8 kg) [5] Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) have an absolute brain mass
Dolphins have the highest brain-to-body weight ratio of all cetaceans. [11] Monitor lizards, tegus and anoles and some tortoise species have the largest among reptiles. [citation needed] Among birds, the highest brain-to-body ratios are found among parrots, crows, magpies, jays and ravens. Among amphibians, the studies are still limited.
The blue whale is the largest animal known ever to have existed. [42] [43] [44] Some studies have estimated that certain shastasaurid ichthyosaurs and the ancient whale Perucetus could have rivalled the blue whale in size, with Perucetus also being heavier than the blue whale with a mean weight of 180 t (180 long tons; 200 short tons).