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Åland (/ ˈ oʊ l ɑː n d / OH-lahnd, [9] Swedish: ⓘ; Finnish: Ahvenanmaa) is an autonomous and demilitarised region of Finland.Receiving its autonomy by a 1920 decision of the League of Nations, [1] it is the smallest region of Finland by both area (1,580 km 2) and population (30,129), constituting 0.51% of Finland's land area and 0.54% of its population.
The location of Åland An enlargeable map of the Autonomous State of Åland. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Åland Islands: Åland – autonomous, demilitarized, monolingually Swedish-speaking administrative province, region and historical province of the Republic of Finland. [1]
Sweden controlled the Åland Islands from the 1200s until 1809, during which Kastelholm Castle was the focal point of many battles. In 1809, the Russian empire took Åland and Finland. In 1854, British and French forces attacked Bomarsund. The Åland Islands were then demilitarised until 1906. In 1918, Swedish and German forces occupied the
Mariehamn has a transitional climate between a humid continental climate and an oceanic climate as a result of the strong maritime moderation from being an island in the Baltic Sea. This causes summers to be cooler than both the Swedish and Finnish mainlands, with winters being similar in cold to the adjacent coastal part of Sweden but milder ...
The fear of the Åland Islands' falling under the control of Nazi Germany or the Soviet Union was very real, and that is why Sweden's Foreign Minister Sandler proposed retaining the status of the islands despite Sweden's longstanding policy of neutrality. Detailed defensive plans were put forward; however, in the end, Sweden opted not to ...
The large islands of Eckerö, Lemland, and Lumparland are separated from Åland and each other by narrow shallow straits. Ninety per cent of the population live on Fasta Åland (the Main Island), also the site of the capital town of Mariehamn. Fasta Åland is the largest island in the archipelago, although its exact size is in some dispute ...
The Baltic Sea with the Archipelago Sea marked in red. Most of the islands are not visible at this resolution. 8,300 square kilometres. The Archipelago Sea (Finnish: Saaristomeri, Swedish: Skärgårdshavet) is a part of the Baltic Sea between the Gulf of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland and the Sea of Åland, within Finnish territorial waters.
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