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In the southern Levant, pastoral nomadic tribal groups began to settle down at the start of the 11th century. These included the Israelites in the Cisjordan and the Ammonites, Moabites and Edomites in the Transjordan. [82] The Philistines, a group of Aegean immigrants arrived at the shores of Canaan circa 1175 BCE and settled there. [82] [83] [84]
Philistine territory along with neighboring states; such as the separate kingdoms of Judah and Israel, in the 9th century BC. The Philistines (Hebrew: פְּלִשְׁתִּים, romanized: Pəlištīm; LXX: Koinē Greek: Φυλιστιείμ, romanized: Phulistieím; Latin: Philistaei) were an ancient people who lived on the south coast of Canaan during the Iron Age in a confederation of city ...
Beginning and ending dates of prehistoric ages are based on the introduction and prevalence of certain technologies, which varied from culture to culture; similarly, historical eras are named after cultures in the area of influence in which the Levant was included. However, archaeologists studying other regions have sometimes found it useful to ...
Maps of Ottoman Palestine showing the Kaza subdivisions. Part of a series on the History of Palestine Prehistory Natufian culture Pre-Pottery Tahunian Ghassulian Jericho Ancient history Canaan Phoenicia Egyptian Empire Ancient Israel and Judah (Israel, Judah) Philistia Philistines Neo-Assyrian Empire Neo-Babylonian Empire Achaemenid Empire Classical period Hellenistic Palestine (Seleucus ...
Philistia included Jaffa (in today's Tel Aviv), but it was lost to the Hebrews during Solomon's time. Nonetheless, the Philistine king of Ashkelon conquered Jaffa again circa 730 BC. Following Sennacherib's third campaign in the Levant, the Assyrians re-assigned Jaffa to the Phoenician city-state of Sidon, and Philistia never got it back. [1]
This period saw the pinnacle of urban development in the area of Syria and Palestine. Archaeologists show that the chief state at this time was the city of Hazor, the head of all the Canaanite kingdoms in the northern region of Palestine. This is also the period in which Semites began to appear in larger numbers in the Nile delta region of Egypt.
Philistine cooking tools and the prevalence of pork in their diets, and locally made Mycenaean pottery—which later evolved into bichrome Philistine pottery—all support their foreign origin. Their cities were large and elaborate, which—together with the findings—point out to a complex, hierarchical society.
The Crusader period and the Ayyubid Period The Crusaders, Seljuks and Ayyubids Southern Levant / Kingdom of Jerusalem / Outremer / Palestine / Holy Land: 1099: First Crusade and the establishment of the Christian Kingdom of Jerusalem. 1187: Battle of Hattin between the forces of Saladin and the Crusaders.