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The name Belladonna, meaning beautiful ladies, was derived from women using berry juice from the plant cosmetically to dilate their pupils. [ 4 ] The mydriatic effect was studied by the German chemist Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge (1795-1867), in which the active ingredient, atropine , was first discovered by Vaquelin in 1809 and was first isolated ...
A parasympathomimetic drug, sometimes called a cholinomimetic drug [1] or cholinergic receptor stimulating agent, [2] is a substance that stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS). [ 3 ] [ 2 ] These chemicals are also called cholinergic drugs because acetylcholine (ACh) is the neurotransmitter used by the PSNS.
Cholinergic agents are compounds which mimic the action of acetylcholine and/or butyrylcholine. [1] In general, the word " choline " describes the various quaternary ammonium salts containing the N , N , N -trimethylethanolammonium cation .
It should only contain pages that are agonists of cholinergic receptors or lists of agonists of cholinergic receptors, as well as subcategories containing those things (themselves set categories). Topics about agonists of cholinergic receptors in general should be placed in relevant topic categories .
Physostigmine, a cholinergic drug that readily crosses the blood–brain barrier, has been used as an antidote to treat the central nervous system depression symptoms of a scopolamine overdose. [33] Other than this supportive treatment , gastric lavage and induced emesis (vomiting) are usually recommended as treatments for oral overdoses. [ 32 ]
For people affected by cholinergic syndrome, atropine sulfate combined with an oxime is used to combat the effects of the acute OP poisoning. Diazepam is sometimes also administered if convulsions or muscle fasciculations begin. [16] The intermediate syndrome (IMS) appears in the interval between the end of the cholinergic crisis and the onset ...
Pilocarpine is a drug that acts as a muscarinic receptor agonist. It acts on a subtype of muscarinic receptor ( M 3 ) found on the iris sphincter muscle , causing the muscle to contract - resulting in pupil constriction ( miosis ).
Although many studies have investigated this link, this was the first study to use a long-term approach (over seven years) to find that dementias associated with anticholinergics may not be reversible even years after drug use stops. [26] Anticholinergic drugs block the action of acetylcholine, which transmits messages in the nervous system. In ...