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Vegetable fats can contain anything from 7% to 86% saturated fatty acids. Liquid oils (canola oil, sunflower oil) tend to be on the low end, while tropical oils (coconut oil, palm kernel oil) and fully hardened (hydrogenated) oils are at the high end of the scale. [46] A margarine blend is a mixture of both types of components.
Cooking, salad dressings, vegetable oil, margarine, shortening Sunflower oil (high oleic, refined) [11] 9% 82% 9% 0.2% 3.6% 244 °C (471 °F) [4] Frying, cooking [12]
Margarine manufacturers found that hydrogenated fats worked better than the previously used combination of animal and liquid vegetable fats. Margarine made from hydrogenated soybean oil and vegetable shortenings such as Crisco and Spry, sold in England, began to replace butter and lard in baking bread, pies, cookies, and cakes by 1920. [21]
Planta is a brand of margarine produced by Flora Food Group for Belgium, France, Malaysia, and Portugal. It is made from vegetable oil consisting of rapeseed , maize , and sunflower . [ 1 ]
Lätta, a margarine brand in Sweden and Germany; Bertolli is a brand of Italian food products produced by multiple companies around the world with the trademark owned by Mizkan Holdings; Upfield produces a Bertolli olive oil spread range; Elmlea, a range of buttermilk and vegetable oil blends sold as cream alternatives [15] Fruit d'Or, margarine
In addition to a regular and 'light' spread, Unilever also uses the brand name to market a liquid butter substitute contained in a spray-bottle. [11] This product is an emulsion of vegetable oil in water formulated with a 'hint' of butter flavor (derived from buttermilk) and is marketed as having zero calories and zero fat content. [12]
Trans fat can be an unintentional byproduct of the industrial processing of oils. Unlike naturally derived trans fats, the trans fats that result from hydrogenation consist of many isomers. In food production, liquid cis-unsaturated fats such as vegetable oils are hydrogenated to produce more saturated fats, which have desirable properties:
This template tabulates data of composition of various vegetable oils, their processing treatments (whether unrefined, hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated) and their smoke point The above documentation is transcluded from Template:Vegetable oils comparison/doc .