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The form feed character is considered whitespace by the C character classification function isspace(). Form feed is seldom used when programming with modern printers in modern operating environments like Windows, Unix, Linux or macOS. Instead, form feeds are generated by having the printing program call a form feed API function.
In HTML and XML, a numeric character reference refers to a character by its Universal Character Set/Unicode code point, and uses the format: &#xhhhh;. or &#nnnn; where the x must be lowercase in XML documents, hhhh is the code point in hexadecimal form, and nnnn is the code point in decimal form.
Restrictions may also apply for other reasons. For example, in HTML 4, , which is a reference to a non-printing "form feed" control character, is allowed because a form feed character is allowed. But in XML, the form feed character cannot be used, not even by reference.
The term CDATA, meaning character data, is used for distinct, but related, purposes in the markup languages SGML and XML.The term indicates that a certain portion of the document is general character data, rather than non-character data or character data with a more specific, limited structure.
Thus "H₂O" (using a subscript 2 character) is supposed to be identical to "H 2 O" (with subscript markup). In reality, many fonts that include these characters ignore the Unicode definition, and instead design the digits for mathematical numerator and denominator glyphs, [3] [4] which are aligned with the cap line and the baseline, respectively.
A newline (frequently called line ending, end of line (EOL), next line (NEL) or line break) is a control character or sequence of control characters in character encoding specifications such as ASCII, EBCDIC, Unicode, etc. This character, or a sequence of characters, is used to signify the end of a line of text and the start of a new one. [1]
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Non-breaking space (°) is a space character that prevents an automatic line break at its position. Pilcrow (¶) is the symbolic representation of paragraphs. Line break (↵) breaks the current line without new paragraph. It puts lines of text close together. Tab character (→) is used to align text horizontally to the next tab stop.