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A real-valued function is bounded if and only if it is bounded from above and below. [ 1 ] [ additional citation(s) needed ] An important special case is a bounded sequence , where X {\displaystyle X} is taken to be the set N {\displaystyle \mathbb {N} } of natural numbers .
Every uniformly convergent sequence of bounded functions is uniformly bounded. The family of functions () = defined for real with traveling through the integers, is uniformly bounded by 1. The family of derivatives of the above family, ′ = , is not uniformly bounded.
The notions of completely and absolutely monotone function/sequence play an important role in several areas of mathematics. For example, in classical analysis they occur in the proof of the positivity of integrals involving Bessel functions or the positivity of Cesàro means of certain Jacobi series. [6]
The first inequality (that is, ‖ ‖ < for all ) states that the functionals in are pointwise bounded while the second states that they are uniformly bounded. The second supremum always equals ‖ ‖ (,) = ‖ ‖, ‖ ‖ and if is not the trivial vector space (or if the supremum is taken over [,] rather than [,]) then closed unit ball can be replaced with the unit sphere
In mathematics, Helly's selection theorem (also called the Helly selection principle) states that a uniformly bounded sequence of monotone real functions admits a convergent subsequence. In other words, it is a sequential compactness theorem for the space of uniformly bounded monotone functions. It is named for the Austrian mathematician Eduard ...
However, bounded and weakly closed sets are weakly compact so as a consequence every convex bounded closed set is weakly compact. As a consequence of the principle of uniform boundedness, every weakly convergent sequence is bounded. The norm is (sequentially) weakly lower-semicontinuous: if converges weakly to x, then