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Novgorod Republic (Russian: Новгородская республика, romanized: Novgorodskaya respublika) itself is a much later term, [19] although the polity was described as a republic as early as in the beginning of the 16th century. [20] [21] Soviet historians frequently used the terms Novgorod Feudal Republic and Novgorod Boyar ...
The massacre of Novgorod (Russian: Новгородский погром, romanized: Novgorodsky pogrom) was an attack launched by Ivan the Terrible's oprichniki on the city of Novgorod, Russia, in 1570.
Victory of the Novgorod Republic (and allies) Defeat of the Novgorod Republic (and allies) Another result* *e.g. result unknown or indecisive/inconclusive, result of internal conflict inside the Novgorod Republic, status quo ante bellum, or a treaty or peace without a clear result.
The Battle on the Ice, [c] also known as the Battle of Lake Peipus [d] or Battle of Lake Chud, [e] took place on 5 April 1242. It was fought on the frozen Lake Peipus when the united forces of the Republic of Novgorod and Vladimir-Suzdal, led by Prince Alexander Nevsky, emerged victorious against the forces of the Livonian Order and Bishopric of Dorpat, led by Bishop Hermann of Dorpat.
The Novgorodians supported Yaroslav during the war, and after his victory in the war, Yaroslav rewarded them and granted the "Yaroslav's Law" and the "Charter" to Novgorod. These documents became the prototype of and were referenced in the charters on which the princes invited by Novgorodians took the oath.
Evert Horn, who ruled Novgorod in 1614–1615, pursued a policy of direct subordination of Novgorod to the Swedish crown. Only the military failures of the Swedes, in particular during the Siege of Pskov in 1615, set King Gustav II Adolf to peace talks. Novgorod returned to Moscow under the Treaty of Stolbovo of 1617.
Arnold Lelis (2005) summarised that the Novgorod First Chronicle (NPL) mentions 42 instances of warfare between 1111 and 1205. Amongst other conflicts, 18 of them were with other Rus' states and cities over dynastic succession; 11 with the Chud'; and only 2 (in 1142 and 1164) involved Swedes, the first of which concerned merchants that may or may not have been "Novgorodian".
At the same time, the Novgorod veche expelled prince Sviatoslav Rostislavich, who turned to Andrey for help. The Novgorodians, in turn, allied themselves with Mstislav. This was the beginning of a bloody internecine war. The princes of Murom, Ryazan, Smolensk, Polotsk, Novgorod-Seversk, Chernigov and Dorogobuzh sided with Andrey.