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The current revision of the PHP manual mentions that the rationale behind magic quotes was to "help [prevent] code written by beginners from being dangerous." [ 2 ] It was however originally introduced in PHP 2 as a php.h compile-time setting for msql, only escaping single quotes, "making it easier to pass form data directly to msql queries". [ 3 ]
A numeric character reference refers to a character by its Universal Character Set/Unicode code point, and a character entity reference refers to a character by a predefined name. A numeric character reference uses the format &#nnnn; or &#xhhhh; where nnnn is the code point in decimal form, and hhhh is the code point in hexadecimal form.
For codes from 0 to 127, the original 7-bit ASCII standard set, most of these characters can be used without a character reference. Codes from 160 to 255 can all be created using character entity names. Only a few higher-numbered codes can be created using entity names, but all can be created by decimal number character reference.
Nearly all websites now use Unicode, but as of November 2023, an estimated 0.35% of all web pages worldwide – all languages included – are still encoded in Code Page 1251, while less than 0.003% of sites are still encoded in KOI8-R. [7] [8] Though the HTML standard includes the ability to specify the encoding for any given web page in its ...
The Universal Coded Character Set (UCS, Unicode) is a standard set of characters defined by the international standard ISO/IEC 10646, Information technology — Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) (plus amendments to that standard), which is the basis of many character encodings, improving as characters from previously unrepresented writing systems are added.
UTF-EBCDIC is a character encoding capable of encoding all 1,112,064 valid character code points in Unicode using 1 to 5 bytes (in contrast to a maximum of 4 for UTF-8). [1] It is meant to be EBCDIC-friendly, so that legacy EBCDIC applications on mainframes may process the characters without much difficulty.
A code point is a value or position of a character in a coded character set. [10] A code space is the range of numerical values spanned by a coded character set. [10] [12] A code unit is the minimum bit combination that can represent a character in a character encoding (in computer science terms, it is the word size of the character encoding).
The BIOS keyboard driver produced Backspace when the backspace key was typed and NUL with scan code 0x53 when the delete key was typed. [8] In Windows the delete key maps to VK_DELETE (0x2E). [ 9 ] EGA/VGA fonts , as fonts used by Win32 console , usually have the "house" symbol ⌂ at 127 (0x7F) code point, see Code page 437 for details.