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Schatzker classification for tibial plateau fracture: [14] Type I = Lateral Tibial plateau fracture without depression. This is a wedge-shaped pure cleavage fracture and involves a vertical split of the lateral tibial plateau. It is usually the result of a low energy injury in young individuals with normal mineralization.
Lesions in the tibial plateau, hip, ankle, and wrist are often missed. In a tibial plateau fracture, any disruption of the posterior and anterior cortical rims of the plateau should be sought. Impaction of subchondral bone will appear as an increased sclerosis of the subchondral bone (Figure 1).
Originally described by Dr. Paul Segond in 1879 [6] [7] after a series of cadaveric experiments, the Segond fracture occurs in association with tears of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) (75–100%) and injury to the medial meniscus (66–75%), lateral capsular ligament (now known as the Anterolateral ligament, or ALL), as well as injury to the structures behind the knee.
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Fractures of the knee are less common but should be considered if direct trauma to the knee has occurred such as during a fall. Examples of fractures involving knee joints are: tibial plateau fractures, fractures of the lateral condyle of femur, medial condyle of femur, and patellar fractures. [1]
Hoffa fracture Medio-lateralradiographsof knees joint showing a bilateral Hoffa fracture of the medial femoral condyle and fracture suspicion of left tibia plateau. (A) right knee; (B) left knee.
It is important to note to distinguish this radiographic finding from that of a medial femoral condyle avulsion fracture, which is an injury in which a pulling force of a tendon or ligament fractures away a piece of the bone from its attachment site. [2] Pellegrini-Stieda Syndrome, shown as marked on the imaging.
Localised tenderness over the medial knee is the most common finding of the condition. It is usually happening on one side, without a previous history of trauma. SONK should be considered together with differential diagnosis of osteoarthritis, tear of medial meniscus, and tibial plateau fracture. SONK usually has a sudden onset of knee pain ...