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Public transport ticketing in New South Wales, Australia operated using magnetic-stripe technology between 1989 and 2016. This ticketing system, known variously as the Automated fare collection system, STATS and, from 2010, MyZone, was progressively replaced by a contactless smart card called Opal between 2012 and 2016.
In many instances, integrated ticketing is facilitated through electronic ticketing technologies such as magnetic stripe cards, smart cards or contactless smart card. Some smart card systems, such as Hong Kong’s Octopus card , are also used for payments beyond transportation, including goods and services. [ 2 ]
These have generally been replaced with magnetic stripe cards. Since their introduction in 1997 with the Octopus card in Hong Kong, contactless smart cards have become the standard fare media in AFC systems, though many systems support multiple media types.
Non-EMV cards work like magnetic stripe cards. This is common in the U.S. (PayPass Magstripe and Visa MSD). The cards do not hold or maintain the account balance. All payment passes without a PIN, usually in off-line mode. The security of such a transaction is no greater than with a magnetic stripe card transaction. [citation needed]
In most magnetic stripe cards, the magnetic stripe is contained in a plastic-like film. The magnetic stripe is located 0.223 inches (5.7 mm) from the edge of the card, and is 0.375 inches (9.5 mm) wide. The magnetic stripe contains three tracks, each 0.110 inches (2.8 mm) wide.
Avoid storing your credit card near magnets or other magnetic items. If your purse or wallet has a magnet on it, ensure the magnetic strip on your card faces away from the magnet to help avoid damage.
Apart from "regular", i.e. non-electronic cards, there is considerable overlap between "chip-enabled", "digital" and "smart" cards, mostly for historical reasons in the development of the current fully equipped smart cards. [7] [8] Regular cards; Chip-enabled cards; Smart cards; Digital card; Magnetic stripe cards
The MetroCard, a magnetic stripe card, was first introduced in 1993 and was used to pay fares on MTA subways and buses, as well as on other networks such as the PATH train. Two limited contactless-payment trials were conducted around the New York City area in 2006 and in 2010.