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During the final stages of kernel userspace initialization, a panic is typically triggered if the spawning of init fails. A panic might also be triggered if the init process terminates, as the system would then be unusable. [11] The following is an implementation of the Linux kernel final initialization in kernel_init(): [12]
Kernel Patch Protection is the technology that enforces these restrictions. It works by periodically checking to make sure that protected system structures in the kernel have not been modified. If a modification is detected, then Windows will initiate a bug check and shut down the system, [6] [8] with a blue screen and/or reboot. The ...
A general protection fault (GPF) in the x86 instruction set architectures (ISAs) is a fault (a type of interrupt) initiated by ISA-defined protection mechanisms in response to an access violation caused by some running code, either in the kernel or a user program.
While no production Unix kernel has yet adopted transactions, proof-of-concept research prototypes have been developed for Linux, including the Valor file system [12] and the TxOS kernel. [13] Microsoft Windows has added transactions to its NTFS file system, [14] but Microsoft discourages their use, and has indicated that they may be removed in ...
Meltdown exploits a race condition, inherent in the design of many modern CPUs.This occurs between memory access and privilege checking during instruction processing. . Additionally, combined with a cache side-channel attack, this vulnerability allows a process to bypass the normal privilege checks that isolate the exploit process from accessing data belonging to the operating system and other ...
This has led to the development of several security exploits, including privilege escalation exploits, which operate by causing the kernel to access user-space memory when it did not intend to. [3] Operating systems can block these exploits by using SMAP to force unintended user-space memory accesses to trigger page faults. Additionally, SMAP ...
Timeout Detection and Recovery or TDR is a feature of the Windows operating system (OS) introduced in Windows Vista.It detects response problems from a graphics card (GPU), and if a timeout occurs, the OS will attempt a card reset to recover a functional and responsive desktop environment.
[11] [12] The replacement of mcelog for Linux systems is rasdaemon. [9] [10] parsemce [14] is a Linux program by Dave Jones to decode MCEs from AMD K7 processors. mced [15] (mcedaemon) is a Linux program by Tim Hockin to gather MCEs from the kernel and alert interested applications. Note that it does not try to interpret the MCE data, it simply ...