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Oxymoron: using two terms together, that normally contradict each other. Parable: extended metaphor told as an anecdote to illustrate or teach a moral lesson. Paradiastole: extenuating a vice in order to flatter or soothe. Paradox: use of apparently contradictory ideas to point out some underlying truth.
Both chiasmus and antimetabole can be used to reinforce antithesis. [6] In chiasmus, the clauses display inverted parallelism.Chiasmus was particularly popular in the literature of the ancient world, including Hebrew, Greek, Latin and K'iche' Maya, [7] where it was used to articulate the balance of order within the text.
The negative-positive antithesis and the antimetabole-antithesis can be combined, as in the following sentence: Ask not what your country can do for you – ask what you can do for your country. – Inauguration of John F. Kennedy, 1961. An antithesis can also be combined with synonymous parallelism. In the following example, the first (A, A ...
The most common form of oxymoron involves an adjective–noun combination of two words, but they can also be devised in the meaning of sentences or phrases. One classic example of the use of oxymorons in English literature can be found in this example from Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, where Romeo strings together thirteen in a row: [11]
Paradox – an apparently absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition. Paralipsis – a form of apophasis when a rhetor introduces a subject by denying it should be discussed. To speak of someone or something by claiming not to. Parallelism – the correspondence, in sense or construction, of successive clauses or passages.
Hence Nagel and Newman can now define the notion of tautologous: "a formula is a tautology if and only if it falls in the class K 1, no matter in which of the two classes its elements are placed". [11] This way, the property of "being tautologous" is described—without reference to a model or an interpretation.
The yin yang symbol which illustrates opposites together.. Enantiosis, synoeciosis or discordia concors is a rhetorical device in which opposites are juxtaposed so that the contrast between them is striking. [1]
In literature, the paradox is an anomalous juxtaposition of incongruous ideas for the sake of striking exposition or unexpected insight. It functions as a method of literary composition and analysis that involves examining apparently contradictory statements and drawing conclusions either to reconcile them or to explain their presence.