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Diagram of octopus from side, with gills, funnel, eye, ocellus (eyespot), web, arms, suckers, hectocotylus and ligula labelled. The skin consists of a thin outer epidermis with mucous cells and sensory cells and a connective tissue dermis consisting largely of collagen fibres and various cells allowing colour change. [26]
Hectocotyli are shaped in many distinctive ways, and vary considerably between species. The shape of the tip of the hectocotylus has been much used in octopus systematics. Many coleoids lack hectocotyli altogether. [6] Among Decapodiformes (ten-limbed cephalopods), generally either one or both of arms IV are hectocotylized.
The structure of the octopus' gills allows for a high amount of oxygen uptake; up to 65% in water at 20 °C (68 °F). [22] The thin skin of the octopus accounted for a large portion of oxygen uptake in an in-vitro study; the estimate suggests around 41% of all oxygen absorption is through the skin when at rest. [18]
Cephalopod limbs bear numerous suckers along their ventral surface as in octopus, squid and cuttlefish arms and in clusters at the ends of the tentacles (if present), as in squid and cuttlefish. [9] Each sucker is usually circular and bowl-like and has two distinct parts: an outer shallow cavity called an infundibulum and a central hollow ...
The terrifyingly powerful Gorgon of Greek mythology may have been inspired by the octopus or squid, the octopus's body representing the severed head of Medusa, the beak as the protruding tongue and fangs, and its tentacles as the snakes. [172] The NROL-39 mission patch, depicting the National Reconnaissance Office as an octopus with a long reach
As the nautilus matures, it creates new, larger camerae and moves its growing body into the larger space, sealing the vacated chamber with a new septum. The camerae increase in number from around 4 at the moment of hatching to 30 or more in adults. The shell coloration also keeps the animal cryptic in the water. When seen from above, the shell ...
Cirrina or Cirrata is a suborder and one of the two main divisions of octopuses.Cirrate octopuses have a small, internal shell and two fins on their head, while their sister suborder Incirrina has neither.
The internal anatomy is visible, including the paired siphons to the right. A siphon is an anatomical structure which is part of the body of aquatic molluscs in three classes: Gastropoda, Bivalvia and Cephalopoda (members of these classes include saltwater and freshwater snails, clams, octopus, squid and relatives).